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Questions and Answers
What is the zygote?
What role does heredity play in the development of an individual?
Which chromosome combination results in a female offspring?
What is included in the concept of environment as a factor in individual development?
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How long is the typical gestation period for human pregnancy?
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What aspect of life is suggested to be beyond a person's control?
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Which part of Freud's personality structure is associated with moral standards?
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According to St. Augustine, what is a wicked life characterized by?
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At what stage does Freud suggest that gratification is primarily sought through the mouth?
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What does the Id mainly seek according to Freud's theories?
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What essential teaching is reflected in the concept of doing unto others as you would have them do unto you?
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Which of the following describes the purpose of the Ego in Freud's model?
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During which Freud psychosexual stage does a child undergo toilet training?
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What is one of the intended learning outcomes of the first module?
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Which activity encourages students to share personal information with others?
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Which of the following is NOT a learning outcome from the second module focused on the nature of self?
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How does Socrates define the essential task of understanding the self?
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Which song is mentioned as part of the group singing activity to reflect on self-identity?
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What does the program emphasize about college life?
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What aspect of the self is primarily discussed in the second module?
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What aspect of self-understanding does the intended learning outcome encourage toward oneself?
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What is the source of all wisdom according to Plato?
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How does Plato describe man's knowledge prior to birth?
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What does Immanuel Kant argue about treating individuals?
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According to Descartes, what statement sums up his view of self?
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What is John Locke's view on personal identity?
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What is the ultimate aim of man according to the philosophical perspectives described?
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What role does contemplation play in Plato’s philosophy?
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Which principle is central to the thoughts of Kant about self-governance?
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What psychological complex describes a boy's attraction to his mother?
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At what age range does the Latency stage occur in a child's development?
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Which activity is designed to help individuals explore their self-identity?
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What is a primary intended learning outcome of the module?
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Which of the following is NOT a proposed activity within the module?
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What does the Electra complex refer to in child development?
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During which stage do children become more focused on developing skills rather than sexual motivations?
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In the 'Characterizing Myself' activity, what type of traits are encouraged to be identified?
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Study Notes
Understanding the Self, Module 1 and 2
- Program and Institutional Vison-Mission Statements: Explain the program and the institution's vision, mission, and objectives.
- Active Listening: Focus your attention and listen attentively to fellow classmates during sharing sessions.
- Self Understanding and Acceptance: Demonstrate understanding and acceptance of yourself.
- College Life: College is a new and challenging adventure that marks a significant shift from previous educational experiences.
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Self Introduction:
- Share your name.
- Identify a positive attribute or characteristic that starts with the first letter of your surname.
- State the school you attended previously.
- Explain your reason for choosing to study at this particular institution.
- Express your feelings about being in this class.
Concept and Nature of Self, Module 2
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Self-Exploration: Reflect on your identity by asking yourself:
- Who are you?
- How would you describe yourself?
- Do you love yourself and why or why not?
- What are you most grateful for in life?
- What are the most important things you've learned in life so far?
Philosophical Views of Self
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Socrates: Emphasis on self-knowledge, particularly understanding one's virtues.
- "Know yourself" is the cornerstone of his philosophy.
- Virtue is believed to be innate and can be learned through introspection.
- Self-knowledge leads to wisdom and self-mastery.
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Plato: The Ideal Self and Perfect Self
- Humans were once omniscient in a paradise of knowledge.
- Exile to Earth caused a loss of this knowledge, but it can be regained through contemplation and virtuous living.
- The pursuit of virtue leads to true human perfection and happiness.
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Immanuel Kant: Respect for Self
- Humans are unique in their ability to govern themselves and their actions.
- Every individual is an end in themselves and should never be treated merely as a means to an end.
- Respect for others is paramount and should be based on the understanding that all humans have equal intrinsic worth.
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René Descartes: "I think, therefore I am"
- The self is a thinking entity separate from the body.
- The mind and body are independent but must work together through thinking, investigation, analysis and self-development.
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John Locke: Personal Identity
- Personal identity is based on psychological continuity, particularly memory.
- The self is formed through a combination of inborn traits and life experiences.
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The Christian or Biblical View:
- Humans are created in the image of God, reflecting God's divine nature.
- Humans are given dominion over the Earth and its living creatures.
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St. Augustine: Love and Justice
- A virtuous life is characterized by a constant pursuit of love and turning towards it.
- Loving God encompasses loving humanity, which involves treating others with kindness and avoiding harm.
- The Golden Rule: "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you."
Psychological View of Self
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Sigmund Freud: Psychoanalytic Theory:
- The human psyche comprises three parts:
- Id: The instinctive, biological drive that seeks immediate pleasure and gratification. It operates unconsciously.
- Ego: The rational part of the personality that mediates between the Id and the Superego, balancing desires with reality.
- Superego: The moral component of personality that encompasses societal values, standards, and conscience.
- The human psyche comprises three parts:
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Stages of Psychosexual Development:
- Freud believed that individuals go through distinct stages of psychosexual development characterized by erogenous zones that provide pleasure (and frustration).
- Oral Stage: (Birth to 1 year) Pleasure through the mouth.
- Anal Stage: (2-3 years) Pleasure associated with defecation (expulsive phase).
- Phallic Stage: (3-6 years) Curiosity and desire for the parent of the opposite sex (Oedipus and Electra complexes).
- Latency Stage: (6-puberty) Sexual impulses are repressed.
- Genital Stage: (Post-puberty) Sexual urges are directed towards heterosexual relationships.
- Freud believed that individuals go through distinct stages of psychosexual development characterized by erogenous zones that provide pleasure (and frustration).
Physical Self: Module 3
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Physical Self-Assessment: Understand and evaluate your physical self.
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Physiological Needs: Identify the physiological needs at each stage of life.
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Influences on Identity: Analyze the impact of various forces (family, school, culture) on the development of different aspects of self.
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Importance of Health: Acknowledge the role of good health in well-being.
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Childhood Self: Reflect on your appearance and characteristics in your grade school years.
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Family Influences: Compare your traits to those of your parents to understand the interplay of heredity and environment.
- Are there more positive or negative traits?
- What types of traits are observable (physical) and which are not (personality)?
- Are you happy with your traits and have you expressed gratitude to your parents?
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Family Tree: Create a family tree to identify physical and non-physical traits among your family members.
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Heredity and Environment: The development of an individual is influenced by a combination of genetic inheritance and environmental factors.
- Heredity (Nature): The passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes.
- Environment (Nurture): The sum total of life experiences, including family, social interactions, and culture.
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Fertilization: The beginning of life starts with fertilization when the female sex cell (ovum) and the male sex cell (sperm) combine.
- Gonads: Reproductive organs that produce sex cells.
- Zygote: The fertilized egg cell, containing both parents' hereditary potential.
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Sex Determination: The sex of an offspring is determined by the combination of sex chromosomes contributed by each parent. (XX for female, XY for male).
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Stages of Life Span: Each stage of development brings unique characteristics that prepare individuals for the next phase.
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Description
Explore the foundational concepts of self-understanding and active listening in modules 1 and 2. This quiz encourages personal reflection on identity, self-acceptance, and the transition to college life. Engage with your classmates and express your thoughts on the vision and mission of your institution.
