Understanding the Lymphatic System and Immune Response

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What is the primary function of lymph nodes?

To filter lymph fluid and remove pathogens (correct)
To store blood for the body
To produce macrophages
To produce lymphocytes

Which type of immune cell is found in high numbers within lymphoid nodules?

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes (correct)
Monocytes
Eosinophils

What is the function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?

It stores red blood cells
It removes waste products from the body
It produces lymphocytes
It filters the blood of pathogens and debris (correct)

What is the purpose of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?

To produce antibodies for the digestive system (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason tonsils may be removed?

To improve breathing and swallowing (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ may totally disappear at the age of 120?

Thymus gland (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major staging area for the development of the critical immune response?

Lymph node (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers?

Natural killer cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where do B cells develop?

Red bone marrow (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure on the surface of a pathogen binds to a B or T cell?

Antigen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the lymphatic vessels responsible for bringing to the bloodstream and filtering pathogens from blood?

Lymph (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most serious inherited type of combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?

Affects both T and B cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for SCID?

Bone marrow transplant or gene therapy (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does HIV/AIDS affect the immune system?

It infects and kills helper T cells, leading to opportunistic infections (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the rapid binding of IgE to mast cells?

Type 1 hypersensitivity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for type 4 hypersensitivity reactions?

No specific treatment is required (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is autoimmune disease more rare in countries with high infectious disease rates?

The immune system is constantly activated, preventing autoimmunity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)?

To serve as an effective barrier defense against inhaled pathogens (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune system?

Helper T cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pattern recognition receptors?

To recognize and bind to pathogens or molecules released by stressed cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the inflammatory response?

The response of phagocytic cells to an injured area, causing swelling and attracting neutrophils (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells?

To kill target cells by inducing apoptosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of IgA antibodies?

To protect the mucosal surfaces and exocrine secretions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

Active immunity leads to immunological memory, while passive immunity does not (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of eosinophils in the immune response?

To attack and flush out parasites (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which the innate immune system fights viruses?

Complement system (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of regulatory T cells?

To suppress other T cell immune responses (D) Signup and view all the answers