27 Questions
What is the primary function of lymph nodes?
To filter lymph fluid and remove pathogens
Which type of immune cell is found in high numbers within lymphoid nodules?
Lymphocytes
What is the function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?
It filters the blood of pathogens and debris
What is the purpose of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?
To produce antibodies for the digestive system
What is the main reason tonsils may be removed?
To improve breathing and swallowing
Which organ may totally disappear at the age of 120?
Thymus gland
What is the major staging area for the development of the critical immune response?
Lymph node
Which cells are the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers?
Natural killer cells
Where do B cells develop?
Red bone marrow
Which structure on the surface of a pathogen binds to a B or T cell?
Antigen
What are the lymphatic vessels responsible for bringing to the bloodstream and filtering pathogens from blood?
Lymph
What is the most serious inherited type of combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?
Affects both T and B cells
What is the typical treatment for SCID?
Bone marrow transplant or gene therapy
How does HIV/AIDS affect the immune system?
It infects and kills helper T cells, leading to opportunistic infections
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the rapid binding of IgE to mast cells?
Type 1 hypersensitivity
What is the typical treatment for type 4 hypersensitivity reactions?
No specific treatment is required
Why is autoimmune disease more rare in countries with high infectious disease rates?
The immune system is constantly activated, preventing autoimmunity
What is the primary function of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)?
To serve as an effective barrier defense against inhaled pathogens
Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune system?
Helper T cells
What is the primary function of pattern recognition receptors?
To recognize and bind to pathogens or molecules released by stressed cells
Which of the following best describes the inflammatory response?
The response of phagocytic cells to an injured area, causing swelling and attracting neutrophils
What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells?
To kill target cells by inducing apoptosis
What is the primary function of IgA antibodies?
To protect the mucosal surfaces and exocrine secretions
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity leads to immunological memory, while passive immunity does not
What is the primary function of eosinophils in the immune response?
To attack and flush out parasites
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which the innate immune system fights viruses?
Complement system
What is the primary function of regulatory T cells?
To suppress other T cell immune responses
Explore the functions of immune system cells and organs that combat pathogens, the roles of the lymphatic system in filtering pathogens and transporting excess fluid, and the absorption of dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins. Learn about the significance of lymph nodes in immune response development and the structure of the immune system.
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