Understanding the Function of the Glomerulus in the Nephron

What is the function of the glomerulus in the nephron?

Regulating urine pH
Reabsorbing water from filtrate
Creating urine (correct)
Producing ketones

Which factor does not affect urine color?

Nutrient intake
Water intake
Presence of leukocytes (correct)
Exercise

What do ketones in urine indicate?

High protein intake
High carb intake
Fat utilization for energy (correct)
Urinary tract infection

What does oliguria refer to?

Little urine production due to renal disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the urethra in the urinary system?

Transporting urine from the bladder to outside the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does specific gravity relate to urine composition?

It measures the amount of solutes in the urine (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the active form of vitamin D?

Calcitriol (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone helps in increasing erythrocyte production?

EPO (A) Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if there is inadequate vitamin D?

Osteoporosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do the kidneys help regulate blood pressure?

By secreting aldosterone (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of EPO?

Increasing erythrocyte production (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for urination?

Micturition (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why do women experience higher rates of UTIs compared to men?

Due to the shorter urethra length in women (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure regulates the release of renin to influence blood volume in the kidney?

Juxtaglomerular cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if osmolarity is low in the kidney cells?

They relax to remove more water in the urine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ADH in the kidney?

Causes aquaporin channel proteins to pull water back for reabsorption (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Amount of filtrate produced per minute (A) Signup and view all the answers

What causes smooth muscle contraction and relaxation in blood vessels?

Alterations in blood pressure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is obliged to follow sodium according to the provided text?

Water molecules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a person is overhydrated regarding ADH secretion?

ADH secretion decreases, leading to more water excretion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Loop of Henle in the nephron?

Reabsorb water and some sodium (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone increases the number of calcium channels in the DCT?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the myogenic mechanism relate to in kidney function?

Blood pressure control (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) in the kidney?

Reabsorb water (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of natriuretic hormones in kidney function?

Inhibit aldosterone and promote sodium excretion (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone influences higher calcium levels in the blood?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when aldosterone is released due to increased potassium levels?

Increased potassium and sodium levels in urine (D) Signup and view all the answers