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Suffering can be studied based on Aetiology, Pathogenesis, and Morphology.
True
Genetic defects, infectious agents, and hypoxia are mentioned as part of the Aetiology of suffering.
True
Obesity is considered a cause of nutritional imbalance in the context of suffering.
True
ATP Depletion is mentioned as one of the mechanisms involved in suffering.
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Cellular adaptation in the context of suffering can be both physiologic and pathologic.
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Membrane damage due to loss of Ca homeostasis is not considered a mechanism related to suffering.
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Hypertrophy is an increase in the number of cells in response to excessive hormonal stimulation.
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Metaplasia is a reversible process where one adult cell type is replaced by another.
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Hyperplasia is the replacement of normal ciliated columnar epithelial cells with stratified squamous epithelial cells.
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Apoptosis is an externally controlled 'suicide' program that leads to extensive disruption of surrounding tissue.
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Atrophy can occur due to factors like restricted blood supply, aging, and excessive endocrine stimulation.
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Hypertrophy can lead to cell death and organellar breakdown.
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