Understanding Rhinosinusitis

Why is it rare for the nasal mucosa to be affected without involving the paranasal sinuses?

What are the two main classifications of rhinosinusitis?

Identify one type of chronic specific rhinosinusitis.

What is the main cycle that complicates the pathogenesis of infectious rhinosinusitis?

List one type of non-allergic rhinitis.

What is a common treatment for allergic rhinitis that can lead to empty nose syndrome?

Name one condition classified under chronic nonspecific rhinosinusitis.

Identify a drug that can cause drug-induced rhinitis.

What characterizes acute rhinosinusitis?

What is rhinitis medicamentosa?

List three commonly detected viruses associated with respiratory infections.

What are the major symptoms that indicate a sinus infection?

What criterion is required for a diagnosis of a single sinus infection?

Identify a minor symptom associated with sinus infections.

What is the clinical significance of tenderness over the affected sinus during examination?

What imaging study is noted as unnecessary for diagnosing acute rhinosinusitis?

If symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis persist for more than one week, what treatment options are recommended?

Name two potential differential diagnoses for a single sinus infection.

Describe one investigation approach if complications from acute rhinosinusitis are suspected.

What is the significance of pus in the middle meatus during examination?

What is the primary characteristic feature of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS)?

Identify the most common symptom of CRS.

What treatment option is recommended for acute exacerbation of CRS?

What is a significant risk associated with prolonged use of topical decongestants like xylometazoline?

Describe the investigation method of choice for assessing CRS.

What classification exists concerning nasal polyps in CRS?

What role do steroids play in the management of CRS?

What common factors can predispose an individual to CRS?

What typically marks the difference between viral and bacterial rhinosinusitis in terms of symptom duration?

Name at least two common viral agents responsible for acute rhinosinusitis.

What are the cardinal symptoms of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis?

Why are antibiotics generally unnecessary in treating acute viral rhinosinusitis?

What is the incubation period for acute viral rhinosinusitis?

What might complicate an acute viral infection in an immunocompromised patient?

Identify two features of treatment for acute rhinosinusitis.

What role does the ciliary epithelium play in the pathophysiology of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis?

What is FESS and how does it minimize external scarring?

Describe the main difference in treatment between preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis.

What complication does Chandler's classification associate with orbital cellulitis?

What is Pott Puffy Tumor and how does it relate to sinus infection?

What are common clinical features associated with preseptal cellulitis?

What significant symptoms are indicative of a subperiosteal abscess in the context of sinus disease?

How does cavernous sinus thrombosis present, and what is its treatment?

In what age group is orbital complication due to sinus infection most common?

How long do symptoms last in acute rhinosinusitis?

List three common viruses that cause acute viral rhinosinusitis.

What are the two most common bacteria responsible for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis?

What is the primary treatment approach for acute viral rhinosinusitis?

If a patient with acute rhinosinusitis has symptoms that do not improve within a week, what intervention should be considered?

How long do symptoms last in chronic rhinosinusitis?

List three major symptoms that are used to diagnose chronic rhinosinusitis.

Identify a condition that can be a local predisposing factor for chronic rhinosinusitis.

What is the first-line medical treatment for acute exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis

Besides antibiotics, name two other medical treatments for chronic rhinosinusitis.

If medical treatment fails to control chronic rhinosinusitis, what surgical option is typically considered?

Name two examination findings suggestive of allergic rhinitis.

What is the duration for subacute rhinosinusitis?

Define recurrent rhinosinusitis.

Why are rhinosinusitis and sinusitis usually combined?

Name a major symptom from chronic rhinosinusitus.

For diagnosis, what are two major factors or one major with how many minor criteria?

Besides the major and minor symptoms, what else must a doctor consider when diagnosing sinusitis?

What type of scan should a doctor consider when diagnosing sinusitis?

Why topical use of Xylometazoline should be limited only for few days?

Which nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses will have a inflammatory for longer than 12 weeks in chronic rhinosinusitis?

Name one of the most common indications of CRS.

What could be found during chronic rhinosinusitis examination?

What type of scan is advised for investigation of chronic rhinosinusitis?

Which medication can be used to treat acute exacerebation of CRS

Name one surgical treatment of CRS

What system of complications can present with rhinosinusitis?

What are the indications of Orbital complications?

How should preseptal cellulitis present?

How is color vision affected by Ethmoidal vein Thrombophelito?

What condition of orbital abscess can be an indication to proceed with an urgent CT scan?

What infection can progress from retrograde thrombophlebitis of the valveless ophthalmic veins?

What should always be asked about a history when it relates to orbital complications?