Understanding Research and Bias
16 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

According to Kothari (2006), what is research?

Research is a pursuit of trust with the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment, the search for knowledge through objective and systematic method of finding solutions to a problem.

What is bias in research?

  • Presenting only one side of a discussion. (correct)
  • Altering data to change the outcome of an experiment. (correct)
  • Overemphasizing the positive or negative effects of a subject. (correct)
  • Leaving out information or views. (correct)
  • Using a sample that is not representative of the population. (correct)
  • All of the above.

Which of the following is an example of intentional bias?

  • A politician says that, according to his survey, 95% of the respondents agreed that mining has a positive effect on the economy, but he only surveyed people working in the mining industry.
  • A politician pointing out the great impact of the mining industry and the number of jobs that it created for the people.
  • A politician who is very vocal about his support for the mining industry and turns out that he/she has something to gain from it. (correct)
  • A politician not pointing out the possible environmental issues that are brought about by illegal mining .

What is exaggeration in research?

<p>Overemphasizing the positive or negative effects of a subject. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is omission in research?

<p>Omission is when there is information or views that are not presented in the data provided.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a biased sample in research?

<p>A biased sample occurs when the respondents for a certain survey or process of data gathering belong to the population that mainly gains something from the subject of the study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is research reliability?

<p>The degree to which a research method produces stable and consistent results. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is research validity?

<p>The extent to which a study measures what it is intended to measure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is advocacy?

<p>Advocacy is a carefully considered, planned process to influence multiple stakeholders to achieve specified outcomes, often focusing on the needs and interests of disadvantaged and marginalized groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is campaigning?

<p>Campaigning is a planned project over a given period of time to achieve specific advocacy goals. It can involve engaging with the public, decision makers, or both.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key elements of an argument?

<p>The key elements of an argument are the statement of the argument, the evidence supporting the argument, and the explanation of the argument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which argumentative strategy appeals to the audience's emotions?

<p>Pathos (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which argumentative strategy appeals to the audience's sense of logic and reason?

<p>Logos (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which argumentative strategy relies on the credibility and authority of the speaker?

<p>Ethos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a claim of fact?

<p>Obesity can cause heart disease. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are Semiotic systems? (Select all that apply)

<p>Visual (A), Spatial (B), Linguistic (C), Audio (D), Gestural (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Research

A systematic process of studying, observing, comparing, and experimenting to gain knowledge and solve problems.

Bias (in research)

Presenting only one side of an issue in research, potentially distorting results.

Intentional bias

Deliberately altering data to influence research results.

Exaggeration bias

Overstating the positive or negative effects of something in research.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Omission bias

Leaving out important information or viewpoints in research.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Biased sample bias

A research sample where participants primarily benefit from the topic being studied.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reliability

Consistency in research. Methods that produce stable results.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Validity

Accuracy of measurement; measuring what it's intended to.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Credibility

The believability of research results, based on the thoroughness and richness of the information.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Advocacy

A planned effort to influence stakeholders, often to benefit marginalized groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Campaign

A planned approach to achieve advocacy goals, sometimes targeting decision-makers or the public.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Argument

A logical series of statements to establish the truth of a claim.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Argumentative strategies

Methods like ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion), and logos (logic) to persuade.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Claims of fact, policy, and value

Different types of arguments based on stating facts, proposing actions, or judging worth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Research on athletics' impact on academics

A study examining the relationship between athletic participation and academic performance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Research

  • Research is a pursuit of knowledge through study, observation, comparison, and experiment.
  • It's a systematic method of finding solutions to problems.
  • Different factors need to be considered during research.

Bias

  • Bias occurs when only one side of a discussion is presented in a research.
  • Bias can appear in primary sources (interviews, data) or secondary sources (journal articles, reviews).

Kinds of Bias

  • Intentional bias: Deliberate alteration of data to influence results.
  • Example: A politician promoting mining for personal gain.
  • Exaggeration bias: Overemphasizing positive/negative effects of a topic.
  • Example: A politician highlighting mining's job creation without mentioning environmental risks.
  • Omission bias: Leaving out information or viewpoints.
  • Example: A politician neglecting environmental problems associated with mining.
  • Biased sample bias: Respondents in a survey primarily benefit from the topic.
  • Example: A politician surveying mining industry workers to gauge public opinion.

Reliability

  • Reliability refers to consistency.
  • A reliable research method produces stable and consistent results.
  • Example: Asking ABC company employees about job satisfaction twice to check the stability of scores.

Validity

  • Research validity in surveys is how well a survey measures the intended elements.
  • Validity checks whether an instrument measures what it's meant to measure.
  • Example: A faulty weight scale may be reliable (consistently wrong by a certain amount), but isn't valid (it doesn't give the accurate weight)

Credibility

  • Credibility is about the believability of research results.
  • It's based on the richness, not the amount, of information gathered.

Advocacy

  • It is a planned process to influence stakeholders.
  • It includes representing the interests of marginalized groups.
  • Example: Miss Universe 2018 Catriona Gray using a non-government organization to provide free and accessible education to Filipino children

Campaign

  • A campaign is a planned approach to achieve specific advocacy goals.
  • It may use an "insider" approach targeting decision-makers, and/or a "public" approach mobilizing broader support.
  • Example: Catriona Gray advocacy to provide educational support.

Research (continued)

  • Research on athletics' impact on academics: A study investigating correlation/effect of athletics on student academic performance.

Argumentation

  • Argument: A logical and philosophical series of statements aimed at establishing the truth of a statement.

  • Argumentative strategies: Ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion), logos (logic).

  • Examples of using these strategies: arguments about global warming or the worthiness of something.

  • Claims of fact, policy, and value: Different types of arguments.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

G10 Reviewer Q2 PDF

Description

This quiz explores the concepts of research and bias in academic studies. It covers the definition of research, types of biases that can occur during the research process, and their implications. Test your knowledge on how to identify and analyze different kinds of biases in research materials.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser