Understanding Learning and Stress

Learning involves changes in knowledge, skills, and behaviors, resulting from experience.

Learning is often a result of experience and practice.

Actively engaging with the material, teaching others, and studying in a group are effective study methods.

Connecting new concepts to real-world applications.

Learning encompasses various aspects like physical, mental, and emotional development.

Beneficial stress from physical, psychological, and biological stimuli.

Achieving one's aspirations and desires, not just material gains.

Strategies to directly address a problem, such as confrontation.

Strategies to manage the emotional response to a problem, like acceptance.

Recognizing shared human experiences of mistakes and imperfections.

Motivators for working hard and maximizing potential.

Learning by observing others, especially role models.

Events that cause stress, including traumatic experiences, but not responsible neighbors.

A goal should align with knowledge, skills, and abilities.

Belief that intelligence and talents improve through learning and practice.

Public expression of oneself online, not necessarily based on real-life identity.

Methods used for shaping how others perceive you, like exemplification and self-promotion.

Record of online activity that accumulates as you use the internet.

Tendency to act without restraint in online interactions.

Individual's connection to a higher power or meaning.

Therapy focusing on finding meaning in life.

Individual's political identity and engagement.

Legal status and rights/duties within a nation.

Religious involves adherence to doctrines, while spiritual is focused on personal beliefs and experiences.

Absence of all forms of violence, including structural violence.

Includes multiple interconnected themes for peacebuilding.

Harms caused by systemic inequalities, limiting access to resources.

Development of values for nonviolence and social justice.

Promoting peace through values, attitudes, and behaviors.

The process of understanding and knowing more about yourself, your strengths, weaknesses, values, and motivations. It involves becoming aware of your true potential and who you truly are.

The knowledge of yourself and your worth as a person, including your emotions, thoughts, and how they affect others. It's the ability to understand and manage your own emotions and actions.

The process of turning your attention inwards, becoming aware of your own thoughts and actions, and gradually constructing a concept of yourself.

The self that develops through relationships and interactions with others. You shape your identity based on your experiences with others and how they see you.

The decision-maker and controller within you. It involves making choices, controlling your actions, and shaping your approach to life.

The debate about whether our personalities and traits are primarily determined by our genes (nature) or our environment (nurture). The truth is, both play a significant role in shaping who we are.

The distinction between the overall person (self) and the specific traits and characteristics that define them (identity). You can have multiple identities that make up your overall self.

The influence of significant people in your life on your self-concept and identity. These influences include family, friends, mentors, and role models.

The characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make each person unique. It's influenced by a combination of factors, including genetics and environment.

The physical and social surroundings that influence your self-concept and behavior. These include your home, neighborhood, community, and culture.

The individual's desire and motivation to shape their own identity and differentiate themselves from others. It's about making conscious choices about who you want to be.

The influence of genes and biological inheritance on your personality and traits. It's the blueprint you inherit from your ancestors.

The study of the relationship between the brain and the mind, exploring how our brains shape our thoughts and experiences.

The study of how the mind, brain, and immune system interact, demonstrating that our thoughts and emotions can affect our physical health.

A theory that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind in shaping our thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Freud believed that our early childhood experiences have a lasting impact on our personality.

A theory that focuses on observable behaviors and how they are learned through conditioning. Behaviorists believe that our actions are shaped by environmental stimuli and rewards.

A theory that recognizes the interplay between our thoughts, behaviors, and environment in shaping our actions. We learn from observing others, and our perceptions influence our behavior.

A theory that emphasizes individual potential and growth. Humanists believe that we are inherently good and have the capacity for self-actualization, reaching our full potential.

A Greek philosopher who believed that the pursuit of self-knowledge is crucial for living a virtuous life. He emphasized introspection and questioning our assumptions.

A Greek philosopher who believed that the true self is an eternal and unchanging soul that exists in a realm of perfect Forms. This ideal self is what we strive to achieve.

A Greek philosopher who believed that the ideal (essence) is found within the physical world (phenomena) and that they coexist.

A Christian philosopher who believed that the self is defined by its love for God and its pursuit of goodness and justice. He emphasized the importance of introspection and self-awareness.

A French philosopher who argued that the only thing we can know for certain is that we exist because we think. He emphasized the importance of reason and logic.

An English philosopher who believed that personal identity is based on consciousness and memory. We are the same person over time because we have memories that connect us to our past selves.

A German philosopher who argued that humans are unique because they have the ability to reason and make moral judgments. He emphasized the importance of treating ourselves and others with respect.

An Austrian neurologist who developed psychoanalysis, a theory that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind in shaping our thoughts, emotions, and behavior.

A Scottish philosopher who questioned the existence of a unified self, suggesting that we are simply a bundle of impressions and perceptions.

A British philosopher who rejected the idea of a separate mind and body, suggesting that mental states are simply dispositions to behave in certain ways.

Neuroscientists who argued that our common-sense understanding of the mind is wrong and that mental states can be reduced to brain activity.