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Questions and Answers
What percentage of the body's energy needs does the brain use at rest?
What percentage of the body's energy needs does the brain use at rest?
- ~10%
- ~50%
- ~20%
- ~35% (correct)
Which amino acids are used to supply glucose during times of low carbohydrate intake and low blood glucose levels?
Which amino acids are used to supply glucose during times of low carbohydrate intake and low blood glucose levels?
- Ketogenic amino acids
- Essential amino acids
- Glucogenic amino acids (correct)
- Non-essential amino acids
What is the main source of energy for cells?
What is the main source of energy for cells?
- Carbohydrates and proteins
- Proteins
- Fats and proteins
- Fats and carbohydrates (correct)
Which food item is the most protein-dense?
Which food item is the most protein-dense?
What is the function of antibodies in the body?
What is the function of antibodies in the body?
What happens when there is inadequate protein intake?
What happens when there is inadequate protein intake?
What is the energy content of proteins per gram?
What is the energy content of proteins per gram?
Which component do proteins not store in the body unlike carbohydrates and fats?
Which component do proteins not store in the body unlike carbohydrates and fats?
What are the repeating units of proteins made of?
What are the repeating units of proteins made of?
Which aspect of proteins contributes to immune function?
Which aspect of proteins contributes to immune function?
What is the primary function of enzymes, a type of protein?
What is the primary function of enzymes, a type of protein?
What is the essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food referred to as?
What is the essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food referred to as?
What is the recommended percentage of protein intake as essential amino acids for adults?
What is the recommended percentage of protein intake as essential amino acids for adults?
What can combining plant proteins through mutual supplementation provide?
What can combining plant proteins through mutual supplementation provide?
What is the primary advantage of consuming plant-based protein foods?
What is the primary advantage of consuming plant-based protein foods?
What happens to proteins when denaturation occurs?
What happens to proteins when denaturation occurs?
What percentage of protein intake as essential amino acids do infants and preschoolers require to support growth?
What percentage of protein intake as essential amino acids do infants and preschoolers require to support growth?
How are di- and tri-peptides absorbed into intestinal cells?
How are di- and tri-peptides absorbed into intestinal cells?
What happens to intact proteins in adult life under normal conditions?
What happens to intact proteins in adult life under normal conditions?
Which factor influences protein quality?
Which factor influences protein quality?
What is the role of blood proteins such as albumin and globulins?
What is the role of blood proteins such as albumin and globulins?
What happens in food allergy compared to food intolerance?
What happens in food allergy compared to food intolerance?
How are proteins in cell membranes involved in nutrient absorption?
How are proteins in cell membranes involved in nutrient absorption?
Which amino acid is considered essential and cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by the body?
Which amino acid is considered essential and cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by the body?
Where does deamination, the loss of an amino group from an amino acid, primarily occur?
Where does deamination, the loss of an amino group from an amino acid, primarily occur?
What determines the quality of dietary proteins?
What determines the quality of dietary proteins?
What do complete proteins provide in adequate quantities?
What do complete proteins provide in adequate quantities?
Which type of amino acids can become conditionally essential under certain conditions?
Which type of amino acids can become conditionally essential under certain conditions?
What is the main function of proteins in the structure of muscles, tendons, ligaments, hair, skin, and nails?
What is the main function of proteins in the structure of muscles, tendons, ligaments, hair, skin, and nails?
What is a key principle to follow for weight loss strategies?
What is a key principle to follow for weight loss strategies?
What is the recommended lower limit for daily calorie intake to avoid restricted food selections?
What is the recommended lower limit for daily calorie intake to avoid restricted food selections?
What is a proposed way to attain a desirable BMI according to the text?
What is a proposed way to attain a desirable BMI according to the text?
What should be avoided in the pursuit of weight loss according to the text?
What should be avoided in the pursuit of weight loss according to the text?
Study Notes
Amino Acids and Proteins: Key Concepts
- Proteins are essential for cell repair, hormone production, blood transport, immune function, and the structure of muscles, tendons, ligaments, hair, skin, and nails.
- They supply nitrogen in a form usable by humans and are found in both plant and animal sources.
- Proteins constitute a major part of lean body mass, including muscle, bone, organs, connective tissue, and skin.
- The quantity and quality of dietary protein sources need to be considered.
- Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, with some also containing sulfur atoms.
- Different side chains in amino acids result in different properties for each amino acid.
- Essential amino acids, which cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by the body, include histidine, lysine, threonine, and others.
- Non-essential amino acids can be obtained from the diet or synthesized in the body.
- Some amino acids become conditionally essential under certain conditions, such as critical illness.
- Protein turnover involves the recycling of amino acids in the body, reducing the need for larger quantities of dietary protein.
- Deamination, the loss of an amino group from an amino acid, occurs mostly in the liver and is essential for energy production.
- The quality of dietary proteins is determined by their nitrogen retention and how well they support body growth. Complete proteins, found in animal foods, provide all essential amino acids in adequate quantities.
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Description
Test your knowledge on incomplete proteins and mutual supplementation, which involves combining plant proteins to provide a full complement of essential amino acids. Learn about the concept of limiting amino acids and how to ensure vital body protein synthesis continues.
