Understanding Health, Disease, and Illness

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), how is health defined?

As the presence of illness and disease
As the absence of disease or infirmity
As the absence of mental and social well-being
As positive physical, mental, and social well-being (correct)

What is the difference between disease and illness?

Disease refers to a label or diagnosis, while illness refers to the experience of being sick (correct)
Disease refers to being sick and illness refers to physical damage within the body
Disease refers to physical damage within the body, while illness refers to mental well-being
Disease refers to the absence of well-being, while illness refers to physical damage within the body

What is illness behavior in contrast to sick role behavior?

Illness behavior is the term applied to the behavior of people after a diagnosis, while sick role behavior refers to the process of physical damage within the body
Illness behavior refers to being unaware of one's disease, while sick role behavior refers to seeking help for symptoms
Illness behavior occurs after a diagnosis, while sick role behavior occurs before a diagnosis
Illness behavior refers to being sick before a diagnosis, while sick role behavior occurs after a diagnosis (correct)

What separates illness behavior from sick role behavior?

The event of a diagnosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What conditions shape people’s response to symptoms?

Personal factors, socioeconomic status, and stigma (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of symptoms in prompting action according to Mechanic?

Severe symptoms are more likely to prompt action. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What do people tend to incorporate into their concept of disease?

The identity, timeline, cause, and controllability of the disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are older people more likely to attribute ailments to their age?

Because they believe their age affects their health (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a diagnosis in relation to a disease?

It implies the time course and consequences of the disease. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why do people delay seeking care for conditions that are shameful or embarrassing?

They fear stigma associated with these conditions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the World Health Organization (WHO) define as health?

The physical and mental well-being of an individual (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the process of physical damage within the body, even in the absence of a label or diagnosis?

Disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What term is applied to the behavior of people after a diagnosis, whether from a health care provider or through a self-diagnosis?

Sick role behavior (B) Signup and view all the answers

What event separates illness behavior from sick role behavior?

Receiving a diagnosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to Mechanic, what characteristic makes people more likely to complain of an illness?

Neuroticism (A) Signup and view all the answers

What influences whether a symptom is more likely to prompt medical attention?

The severity and visibility of the symptom (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the network of family and friends who offer information and advice, as mentioned in the text?

Lay referral network (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to Mechanic, what is the primary factor that would prompt action in response to symptoms?

Severity of the symptom (D) Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether people are more likely to seek professional care for a medical condition?

Ethnic and cultural factors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What do people tend to incorporate into their concept of disease, as mentioned in the text?

The identity, timeline, cause, consequences, and controllability of the disease (D) Signup and view all the answers