PG30-33 Understanding Ethnic Identities

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Which of the following best describes the relationship between ethnicity and race?

Race is a subset of ethnicity.

Ethnicity and race are distinct concepts. (correct)

Ethnicity and race are the same thing.

Ethnicity is a subset of race.

What is the key factor in determining ethnic identity?

Shared cultural background and history.

Distinctive markers such as common ancestry.

Symbolic elements like family, religion, and language.

Whether people are conscious of belonging to the group. (correct)

What does the text suggest about the idea of 'minorities' in relation to ethnicity?

Ethnicity is only relevant for ethnic minorities, not the majority.

Ethnic minorities are more likely to have a strong ethnic identity.

The term 'minorities' should be avoided when discussing ethnicity. (correct)

Ethnic minorities are less important than the dominant ethnic group.

What does the text suggest about the relationship between ethnicity and cultural distinctiveness?

Ethnicity is based on perceived cultural differences, not necessarily actual ones. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of the 'symbolic elements' that contribute to a sense of ethnic identity?

Family, kinship, religion, language, territory, and nationality. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the relationship between ethnic identities and cultural diversity?

Ethnic identities are not necessarily based on actual cultural differences. Signup and view all the answers

According to the functionalist perspective, why do teenagers tend to rely on peer groups?

To establish a sense of identity and status Signup and view all the answers

What was the concern regarding the emergence of the teenage group in the 1950s?

The formation of a 'generation gap' between teenagers and their parents Signup and view all the answers

According to the Neo-Marxist perspective, what enabled young people to rebel against capitalism?

Their lack of responsibilities compared to adults Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a youth subculture that was seen as rejecting the dominant culture's values?

The punk style of the mid 1970s Signup and view all the answers

What did functionalists believe about some breaking of norms by teenagers?

It was a testing of boundaries as they established identity Signup and view all the answers

What industries developed to meet the demands of the new teenage market in the 1950s?

Fashion and popular music Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of ethnic identity according to the text?

Genetic makeup and biological characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of ethnic identities?

They are defined in relation to other ethnic groups Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about ethnic boundaries is NOT true according to the text?

They are always imposed by external forces Signup and view all the answers

How can minority ethnic identities be portrayed as a threat?

Both culturally and physically Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of collective activities and cultural artifacts for ethnic groups?

To maintain and reinforce their ethnic identities Signup and view all the answers

How is age viewed in Western cultures?

As a strict chronological measurement from birth Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the concept of age in traditional societies?

Age is determined by important life events and seasons Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of age sets in traditional societies?

They are groups of people who go through life stages together Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about ethnic identities is true according to the text?

They can change due to external and internal factors Signup and view all the answers

How can majority ethnic identities portray minority ethnic identities?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What did Philippe Aries argue about childhood in the Middle Ages?

Childhood as a distinct phase of life did not exist. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way adults control children, according to Hood-Williams?

Monitoring children's social media usage. Signup and view all the answers

What is one way children resist adult authority?

By both acting older and younger than their age. Signup and view all the answers

What did Neil Postman argue about the impact of television, computers, and videos on childhood?

They exposed children to the adult world earlier, shortening childhood innocence. Signup and view all the answers

What is a relatively modern concept?

The idea of youth or teenagers. Signup and view all the answers

What did the growth of formal education and the printing press contribute to, according to the text?

The emergence of childhood as a separate phase of life. Signup and view all the answers

What is one way in which children's identities are defined?

By their relationship and dependence on adults. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the impact of the internet on childhood innocence?

It has likely further shortened the period of childhood innocence. Signup and view all the answers

What is one way children in traditional societies differ from those in Western societies?

They have greater freedom to roam over a wider area. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the professions related to childhood?

They are based on the assumption that children need guidance and protection. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main stages in men's lives in traditional African societies?

Children, warriors, elders Signup and view all the answers

How do industrial societies typically view age in comparison to traditional African societies?

They place more emphasis on age in terms of years. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between how status is determined in industrial societies versus traditional African societies?

Status in industrial societies is based on occupation and income, while in traditional African societies it is based on age. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of an 'age cohort' in terms of how people experience major life events?

Members of an age cohort will experience the same significant life events at the same time. Signup and view all the answers

How has the role of older people changed in modern industrial societies compared to traditional African societies?

Older people have less status and authority in modern industrial societies. Signup and view all the answers

What is one important role that many older people play in modern industrial societies?

Passing on cultural traditions and wisdom to their grandchildren. Signup and view all the answers

How has the trend of people having children later in life affected the age at which people become grandparents?

It has led to a wider variation in the ages at which people become grandparents. Signup and view all the answers

How have changes in health and longevity affected the role of grandparents in modern industrial societies?

Grandparents are able to play a more active and positive role in family life, contributing financially and providing care. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key difference in the role of grandparents between traditional African societies and modern industrial societies?

In traditional African societies, grandparents play a less active role in family life compared to modern industrial societies. Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'old age' differ between traditional African societies and modern industrial societies?

In traditional African societies, old age is seen as a single, undifferentiated stage of life, while in modern industrial societies it is more commonly divided into sub-stages. Signup and view all the answers