Understanding Distributed Systems

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Questions and Answers

What is a common misconception regarding scalability, fault tolerance, and security in distributed systems?

  • They are all easy to manage (correct)
  • They are all well-founded
  • They are all difficult to make more robust
  • They are all properly understood

What skills do we need to develop in order to judge misconceptions in distributed systems?

  • Skills for developing complex systems
  • Skills for ignoring misconceptions
  • Skills for readily understanding distributed systems (correct)
  • Skills for avoiding distributed systems

Which aspect of distributed systems involves ensuring authorized access to resources?

  • Security (correct)
  • Consistency and replication
  • Process organization
  • Communication facilities

What is necessary for distributed systems to keep running in the presence of partial failures?

<p>Fault tolerance mechanisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design goal is essential when studying distributed systems?

<p>Setting clear goals and objectives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the overall design mentioned in the text?

<p>To support sharing of resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept refers to the phenomenon of hiding the physical distribution of processes and resources in a distributed system?

<p>Transparency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the statement 'The network is the computer'?

<p>The integration of network and computing resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a shared service mentioned in the text?

<p>Peer-to-peer assisted multimedia streaming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design goal focuses on concealing the distributed nature of processes and resources in a system?

<p>Distribution transparency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does distribution transparency aim to hide in a distributed system?

<p>The physical distribution of resources across computers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Reliability' refer to in the context of system design?

<p>Probability that a component has been functioning correctly for a specific period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metric is defined as the average time until a component fails?

<p>MTTF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'MTTR' in the context of system maintainability?

<p>Average time needed to repair a component (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is 'Availability' defined in terms of system design?

<p>Readiness for immediate usage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a traditional metric used to assess system reliability?

<p>Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Distribution Transparency?

<p>Hide differences in data representation and how an object is accessed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of transparency involves hiding that an object may be moved to another location while in use?

<p>Migration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is full distribution transparency considered impractical?

<p>It is impossible to hide all failures of networks and nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes achieving full transparency costly in terms of system performance?

<p>Keeping replicas up-to-date with the master (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario would benefit from exposing distribution rather than hiding it?

<p>Making use of location-based services like finding nearby friends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of Distribution Transparency in relation to concurrency?

<p>To hide that an object may be shared by several users (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a decentralized system and a distributed system?

<p>Decentralized systems always have processes and resources spread across multiple computers, while distributed systems do not. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes centralized solutions from decentralized solutions in terms of scalability?

<p>Centralized solutions do not scale, while decentralized solutions do. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to differentiate between logically and physically centralized systems?

<p>Logically centralized systems have a single point of failure, while physically centralized systems do not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does a decentralized system become a distributed system?

<p>When adding any links greater than zero between nodes in the system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which view on realizing distributed systems involves connecting existing networked computer systems into a larger system?

<p>Integrative view (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the root of the Domain Name System (DNS) known for?

<p>It is known for being logically centralized but physically distributed across several organizations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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