Understanding Disability Definitions and Classifications
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Understanding Disability Definitions and Classifications

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the world's population is estimated to experience disability?

  • 10%
  • 12.29% (correct)
  • 15%
  • 18%

    • What are the primary factors contributing to the increasing number of people with disabilities?

  • Genetic mutations and natural disasters
  • Increased access to healthcare and medications
  • Improved diagnostic technologies and awareness
  • Rise in chronic health conditions and population ageing (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a type of disability mentioned?

  • Nutritional disability (correct)
  • Chronic illness
  • Speech and language disability
  • Memory loss disability

    • In what context is disability considered a human rights issue?

    <p>Due to acts of violence, abuse and discrimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does disability relate to poverty in lower-income countries?

    <p>Disability reinforces and perpetuates poverty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes invisible disabilities?

    <p>Disabilities that are not immediately apparent to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of schizophrenia?

    <p>It is characterized by disturbances of thinking, mood, and behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples is classified under developmental conditions associated with childhood?

    <p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ICF emphasize regarding disabilities?

    <p>Accommodations should decrease or eliminate activity limitations for participation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of disability mentioned?

    <p>Acquired disabilities from physical exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines activity limitation in the context of health?

    <p>Difficulty with normal daily activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of functional impairment?

    <p>Experiencing ongoing pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a participation restriction?

    <p>Difficulty engaging in social and recreational activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)?

    <p>To classify health conditions and their impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes functional impairments?

    <p>Partial or complete loss of body function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can environmental factors impact health, according to the ICF?

    <p>They can create barriers to participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes a situation where an individual cannot walk due to a medical condition?

    <p>Functional impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to a person’s involvement in a life situation?

    <p>Participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of disability involves conditions like upper limb disability and manual dexterity issues?

    <p>Mobility and Physical Impairments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can spinal cord injuries lead to disability?

    <p>They can result in either complete or incomplete injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a complete spinal cord injury from an incomplete one?

    <p>Complete injury results in total loss of sensory functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of brain disabilities?

    <p>Brain injuries of varying magnitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about disabilities in general?

    <p>They can vary significantly in their impact on individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about disabilities?

    <p>People with disabilities often share the same experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as a mobility impairment?

    <p>Brain injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these can be considered a hidden disability?

    <p>Cognitive disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause mobility disabilities?

    <p>Accidental injuries and diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Disability Definition

    • Over 1 billion people experience disability globally, representing 15% of the world's population
    • In Turkey, 12.29% of the population, or roughly 190 million people aged 15 and older, have significant difficulties with functioning, requiring healthcare services.
    • The number of people with disabilities is rising due to increased chronic health conditions and an aging population
    • People with disabilities face barriers, stigma, and discrimination when accessing health and health-related services.
    • Disability is a development priority due to its high prevalence in lower-income countries and its connection to poverty.

    Classification of Disabilities

    • Types of disabilities include physical and mental impairments affecting daily activities.
    • Classifications of Disabilities:
      • Mobility and Physical Impairments:
        • Upper and lower limb disabilities, manual dexterity issues, and coordination problems
        • Can be inborn, acquired with age, or caused by illness or injury, such as a broken bone
      • Spinal Cord Disability:
        • Spinal cord injuries (SCI) can lead to lifelong disabilities, often resulting from accidents.
        • Injuries can be complete or incomplete, affecting messages conveyed by the spinal cord.
        • Birth defects can also cause spinal cord disability.
      • Head Injuries - Brain Disability:
        • Brain injuries can range in severity from mild to severe.
        • Mental health impairments encompass psychiatric problems or illnesses:
        • Personality disorders: deeply ingrained patterns of behavior causing significant impairment
        • Schizophrenia: characterized by disruptions in thinking, mood, and behavior
      • Invisible Disabilities:
        • 10% of people in the U.S. have a medical condition categorized as an invisible disability.
        • These conditions are not immediately apparent to others.

    Causes of Disability

    • Conditions present at birth:
      • Can affect functions later in life, including cognition, mobility, vision, hearing, and behavior.
      • These conditions may be caused by:
        • Single gene disorders (e.g., Duchenne muscular dystrophy)
        • Chromosome disorders (e.g., Down syndrome)
        • Maternal exposure to infections (e.g., rubella) or substances during pregnancy (e.g., alcohol or cigarettes)
    • Developmental conditions apparent during childhood:
      • Examples: autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
    • Injuries:
      • Examples: traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI).
    • Longstanding conditions:
      • Example: diabetes, which can cause disabilities like vision loss, nerve damage, or limb loss.
    • Progression of conditions:
      • Progressive (e.g., muscular dystrophy)
      • Static (e.g., limb loss)
      • Intermittent (e.g., some forms of multiple sclerosis)

    Activity and Participation

    • The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) includes:
      • Learning and applying knowledge
      • Managing tasks and demands
      • Mobility: moving the body, handling objects, using transportation
      • Managing self-care tasks
      • Managing domestic life
      • Interpersonal relationships and interactions
      • Major life areas: education, employment, finances
      • Community, social, and civic engagement

    Types of Disabilities

    • Disability is not a disease, but a health condition limiting life.
    • Permanent Disabilities: Conditions individuals are not expected to recover from.
    • Temporary Disabilities: Illnesses or injuries preventing participation in routine activities
    • Functional Decline: Disability is often measured by limitations in daily activities, categorized as:
      • Limitations in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)
      • Limitations in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)

    Outcomes

    • People with disabilities can lead healthy lifestyles.
    • Disability Inclusion:
      • Including people with disabilities in daily activities.
      • Providing accommodations to reduce activity limitations and participation restrictions.

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    Description

    Explore the global significance of disabilities, including statistics on prevalence and the challenges faced by individuals with disabilities. This quiz covers various types of disabilities, their classifications, and the barriers to accessing healthcare services. Gain a deeper understanding of the importance of addressing disability as a development priority.

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