Understanding Diabetes Mellitus
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Questions and Answers

What is the initial entry of glucose into the pancreatic β cell facilitated by?

  • Osmosis
  • Facilitated diffusion (correct)
  • Simple diffusion
  • Active transport

    • What is the primary regulator of glucose metabolism and storage?

  • Glucagon
  • Insulin (correct)
  • Glycolysis
  • Adenosine triphosphate

    • Which cells release glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) following a meal?

  • β cells
  • L cells (correct)
  • Pancreatic β cells
  • K cells

    • What causes closure of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) in the pancreatic β cell?

    <p>Increased intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is insulin synthesized as in the pancreatic β cell?

    <p>Pro-insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is insulin secreted from pancreatic β cells into the portal circulation?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Chronic hyperglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers insulin secretion in the pancreatic β cell?

    <p>Increased intracellular calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is insulin synthesized as in the pancreatic β cell?

    <p>Pro-insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones released after a meal activate receptors on the pancreatic β cells to augment insulin secretion?

    <p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes closure of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) in the pancreatic β cell?

    <p>Increased intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary regulator of glucose metabolism and storage?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers insulin secretion in the pancreatic β cell?

    <p>Calcium release by voltage-sensitive calcium channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is insulin synthesized as in the pancreatic β cell?

    <p>Pro-insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones released after a meal activate receptors on the pancreatic β cells to augment insulin secretion?

    <p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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