Diabetes Mellitus: Metabolic Disorder and Insulin Regulation

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary regulator of glucose metabolism and storage?

  • Glucagon
  • Insulin (correct)
  • Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)
  • Glycolysis

Which hormones released from gastrointestinal L cells and K cells activate receptors on the pancreatic β cells to augment insulin secretion?

  • Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2)
  • Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) (correct)
  • Insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
  • Glucagon and somatostatin

What causes closure of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) in the pancreatic β cell?

  • Glycolysis
  • Decreased intracellular ATP
  • Increased intracellular ATP (correct)
  • Voltage-sensitive potassium channels

How is glucose transported into the pancreatic β cell?

<p>Facilitated diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is insulin initially synthesized as in the pancreatic β cell?

<p>Pro-insulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process results in the closure of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) in the pancreatic β cell?

<p>Glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary regulator of glucose metabolism and storage in the body?

<p>Insulin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers insulin secretion in the pancreatic β cell?

<p>Closure of ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones released from gastrointestinal L cells and K cells activate receptors on the pancreatic β cells to augment insulin secretion?

<p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is insulin initially synthesized as in the pancreatic β cell?

<p>Pro-insulin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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