Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a sign of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

  • Easily adapting to changes
  • Playing a variety of pretend games
  • Repeating words or phrases (correct)
  • Expressing emotions clearly

What is considered a possible factor in the development of ASD?

  • Genetic influences (correct)
  • Lack of physical activity
  • Nutritional deficiencies
  • Exposure to environmental toxins

What is one approach teachers can take to help children with ASD in the classroom?

  • Increasing sensory stimulation
  • Allowing free play without structure
  • Encouraging the use of complex language
  • Implementing a thorough and programmed routine (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a recommended way to assist children with visual impairments?

<p>Encouraging them to sit at the back of the classroom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a common cause of visual impairments in children?

<p>Strabismus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may indicate a child has a vision problem?

<p>Sensitive to bright lights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommendation from the American Psychiatric Association for helping children with ASD?

<p>Seek a doctor's help (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should adults do to support children with ASD, according to the advice given?

<p>Treat them with love and respect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of visual impairment in a child?

<p>Inability to hear sounds clearly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended accommodation for a student with visual impairment?

<p>Recommended wearing eyeglasses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing impairment is characterized by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve?

<p>Sensorineural Hearing Loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Auditory Processing Disorder?

<p>Normal hearing with comprehension difficulties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should teachers do when communicating with a child who has a hearing impairment?

<p>Use visual cues and eye contact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible cause of hearing impairments?

<p>Loud noises (B), Genetic disorder (C), Infections or illnesses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing loss occurs when both conductive and sensorineural impairments are present?

<p>Mixed Hearing Loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way a teacher can provide assistance to a child with visual impairment?

<p>Provide visual aids and assistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two general symptoms that must be present for diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

<p>Social communication deficits and restricted behaviors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Autism Spectrum Disorder?

<p>Strong interest in socializing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Autism Spectrum Disorder?

<p>It is a developmental disorder characterized by social interaction difficulties. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does Autism Spectrum Disorder typically start?

<p>In early childhood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder typically process social cues?

<p>They often misunderstand or are unaware of social cues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue faced by individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder in social settings?

<p>They have trouble maintaining eye contact. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym ASD stand for?

<p>Autism Spectrum Disorder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Autism Spectrum Disorder is true?

<p>ASD is a lifelong condition that starts in childhood. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A group of developmental disabilities marked by issues in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors.

Social Communication Deficits (ASD)

Difficulties in interacting and communicating with others. A key symptom of ASD.

Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (ASD)

Patterns of behaviors that are unusual or repeated, a symptom of ASD.

Neurodevelopmental Disorder

A disorder that impacts brain development during childhood affecting learning and behavior.

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Signs of ASD (Children/Adults)

Observable symptoms in those with ASD, including difficulty with eye contact, pointing, and social interaction.

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Difficulty with Eye Contact (ASD)

A common sign of ASD, where individuals may avoid eye contact with others.

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Difficulty understanding feelings

Those with ASD may struggle to understand others' emotions.

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Preference for Isolation (ASD)

A symptom characterized by a stronger desire for alone-time, sometimes seen in individuals with ASD.

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ASD Symptoms

Difficulties in social communication, repetitive behaviors, and difficulty adapting to changes.

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ASD Causes

Scientists believe genes and heredity are key factors, other theories link it to older parents.

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ASD Treatment

Early intervention by specialists like pediatricians, neurologists, and psychologists is crucial.

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Teacher Tips for ASD

Teachers can help by minimizing sensory input, using visuals, maintaining routines, using simple language and helping in communication.

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Visual Impairment Causes

Lazy eye (amblyopia), misaligned eyes (strabismus), birth defects, and injuries can cause visual impairments.

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Visual Impairment Needs

Students with visual impairments may need seating near visual aids, eyeglasses, large print, audiobooks, note-taking assistance and extra time.

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Classroom Vision Checks

Teachers can identify potential vision problems by noticing frequent eye rubbing, sensitivity to light or difficulty focusing on distant items.

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Consistent Structure

Setting predictable daily routines can help children with difficulties in social or other developmental areas.

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Visual Impairment Symptoms

Signs include squinting, closing one eye, misaligned eyes, difficulty seeing far away, and trouble reading.

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Teacher Actions (Visual Impairment)

Adaptations include larger font size, better lighting, positioning near boards/materials, recommending glasses, informing parents, and giving extra time.

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Hearing Impairment Definition

Problems with the ear. Damage to parts of the ear can cause hearing difficulties.

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Conductive Hearing Loss

Problems with the outer and middle ear. May be caused by blockage/structural issues, making sounds seem quieter.

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Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. Makes clear speech difficult to hear and understand.

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Hearing Impairment Symptoms

Signs may include not responding to instructions, asking for repetition, raising voice, and difficulty hearing sounds.

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Teacher Actions (Hearing Impairment)

Strategies include visual cues, sign language if qualified, eye contact, speaking clearly without shouting, showing actions, using paper/pen, and facial/body expressions.

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Hearing Loss Types

Conductive, sensorineural, mixed, central, and auditory processing disorder are different types of hearing loss with various causes and impacts.

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Study Notes

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

  • ASD is a group of developmental disabilities
  • Characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication
  • Repetitive/restricted behavior
  • Diagnosed by social communication deficits and restricted/repetitive interests/behavior
  • Considered a neurodevelopmental disorder
  • Not easily recognized; appears normal at first glance
  • Problems with social, emotional, and communication skills
  • Diverse learning, attention, and reaction styles
  • Typically starts in childhood and lasts throughout life

Levels of ASD

  • Level 1: Requires support; difficulty communicating with neurotypical peers
  • Level 2: Requires substantial support; difficulty communicating socially
  • Level 3: Requires very substantial support; unable to mask, high self-regulation burdens

Signs and Symptoms of ASD

  • May not point at objects, or at objects others point at
  • Lack of interest in people or difficulty interacting
  • Avoids eye contact
  • Prefers to be alone
  • May not understand others' feelings
  • Unaware when people talk, but reacts to other sounds
  • Interested in others but unsure how to communicate
  • Repeats words or phrases
  • Difficulty expressing emotions
  • Doesn't play pretend games
  • Repeats behaviors or actions
  • Difficulty adjusting to routine changes
  • May lose previously learned skills

Causes of ASD

  • Primarily genetic factors
  • Hereditary component
  • Potential link to older parents

Early Intervention

  • Children should seek early medical attention from pediatricians, child neurologists, child psychologists, or psychiatrists

Helping Children with ASD

  • Adults: Learn about ASD, establish consistent routines, communicate with parents, seek doctor's help, accept and respect the child.
  • Teachers: Minimize sensory overload, use visuals (photos, graphs, models), routines, simple language, teach communication and social skills, treat with dignity and respect.

Visual Impairments

  • Common term for any degree of vision loss
  • Includes blindness and low vision, which are different
  • Legal Blindness: Central visual acuity of 6/60 or 20/200 (Snellen) in the better eye after correction. This is a legal definition, not a medical one.
  • Totally Blind: No vision in both eyes; complete absence of visual perception
  • Partially Blind (Partially Sighted): Visual acuity of 6/21 (20/70) or less in the better eye after correction; useful for learning

Causes of Visual Impairments

  • Amblyopia (lazy eye)
  • Strabismus (misaligned eyes)
  • Birth defects
  • Eye or brain injuries

Classroom Strategies for Visually Impaired Students

  • Seating near visual aids (board, whiteboard)
  • Eyeglasses, magnifiers, bright lighting
  • Large print materials
  • Audiobooks
  • Assistance with notes
  • Extra time for tasks

Hearing Impairments

  • Problem with damage to one or more parts of the ear
  • Types: Conductive (outer/middle ear), Sensorineural (inner ear/auditory nerve), Mixed (both), Central (brain processing), Auditory Processing Disorder (not hearing loss, but difficulty interpreting sounds)

Causes of Hearing Impairments

  • Genetic disorders
  • Injuries to the ear or head
  • Pregnancy/birth complications
  • Infections/illnesses
  • Medications
  • Loud noises

Symptoms of Hearing Impairments

  • Failure to respond to verbal instructions
  • Asking for repetition
  • Raising voice when speaking
  • Difficulty hearing sounds

Classroom Strategies for Hearing Impaired Students

  • Visual cues: use visual aids in class.
  • Sign language: If qualified, use sign language in class.
  • Eye contact: Maintain eye contact where possible.
  • Slow & clear speech: Speak slowly and clearly without shouting.
  • Demonstrate: Show what you want them to do
  • Paper/pen: Use paper and pen to communicate
  • Facial/body expressions: Use facial and body expressions for communication.

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Related Documents

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Visual and Hearing Impairments PDF

Description

This quiz explores the key concepts of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including its definitions, levels, signs, and symptoms. Learn about how ASD affects social interaction, communication, and behavior. Discover the necessary support levels and common challenges faced by individuals with ASD.

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