Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a sign of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

Easily adapting to changes

Playing a variety of pretend games

Repeating words or phrases (correct)

Expressing emotions clearly

What is considered a possible factor in the development of ASD?

Genetic influences (correct)

Lack of physical activity

Nutritional deficiencies

Exposure to environmental toxins

What is one approach teachers can take to help children with ASD in the classroom?

Increasing sensory stimulation

Allowing free play without structure

Encouraging the use of complex language

Implementing a thorough and programmed routine (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a recommended way to assist children with visual impairments?

Encouraging them to sit at the back of the classroom Signup and view all the answers

Which is a common cause of visual impairments in children?

Strabismus Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may indicate a child has a vision problem?

Sensitive to bright lights Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommendation from the American Psychiatric Association for helping children with ASD?

Seek a doctor's help Signup and view all the answers

What should adults do to support children with ASD, according to the advice given?

Treat them with love and respect Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of visual impairment in a child?

Inability to hear sounds clearly Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended accommodation for a student with visual impairment?

Recommended wearing eyeglasses Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing impairment is characterized by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve?

Sensorineural Hearing Loss Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Auditory Processing Disorder?

Normal hearing with comprehension difficulties Signup and view all the answers

What should teachers do when communicating with a child who has a hearing impairment?

Use visual cues and eye contact Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible cause of hearing impairments?

Loud noises Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing loss occurs when both conductive and sensorineural impairments are present?

Mixed Hearing Loss Signup and view all the answers

What is one way a teacher can provide assistance to a child with visual impairment?

Provide visual aids and assistance Signup and view all the answers

What are the two general symptoms that must be present for diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

Social communication deficits and restricted behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Strong interest in socializing Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Autism Spectrum Disorder?

It is a developmental disorder characterized by social interaction difficulties. Signup and view all the answers

When does Autism Spectrum Disorder typically start?

In early childhood Signup and view all the answers

How do individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder typically process social cues?

They often misunderstand or are unaware of social cues. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue faced by individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder in social settings?

They have trouble maintaining eye contact. Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym ASD stand for?

Autism Spectrum Disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Autism Spectrum Disorder is true?

ASD is a lifelong condition that starts in childhood. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

ASD is a group of developmental disabilities
Characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication
Repetitive/restricted behavior
Diagnosed by social communication deficits and restricted/repetitive interests/behavior
Considered a neurodevelopmental disorder
Not easily recognized; appears normal at first glance
Problems with social, emotional, and communication skills
Diverse learning, attention, and reaction styles
Typically starts in childhood and lasts throughout life

Levels of ASD

Level 1: Requires support; difficulty communicating with neurotypical peers
Level 2: Requires substantial support; difficulty communicating socially
Level 3: Requires very substantial support; unable to mask, high self-regulation burdens

Signs and Symptoms of ASD

May not point at objects, or at objects others point at
Lack of interest in people or difficulty interacting
Avoids eye contact
Prefers to be alone
May not understand others' feelings
Unaware when people talk, but reacts to other sounds
Interested in others but unsure how to communicate
Repeats words or phrases
Difficulty expressing emotions
Doesn't play pretend games
Repeats behaviors or actions
Difficulty adjusting to routine changes
May lose previously learned skills

Causes of ASD

Primarily genetic factors
Hereditary component
Potential link to older parents

Early Intervention

Children should seek early medical attention from pediatricians, child neurologists, child psychologists, or psychiatrists

Helping Children with ASD

Adults: Learn about ASD, establish consistent routines, communicate with parents, seek doctor's help, accept and respect the child.
Teachers: Minimize sensory overload, use visuals (photos, graphs, models), routines, simple language, teach communication and social skills, treat with dignity and respect.

Visual Impairments

Common term for any degree of vision loss
Includes blindness and low vision, which are different
Legal Blindness: Central visual acuity of 6/60 or 20/200 (Snellen) in the better eye after correction. This is a legal definition, not a medical one.
Totally Blind: No vision in both eyes; complete absence of visual perception
Partially Blind (Partially Sighted): Visual acuity of 6/21 (20/70) or less in the better eye after correction; useful for learning

Causes of Visual Impairments

Amblyopia (lazy eye)
Strabismus (misaligned eyes)
Birth defects
Eye or brain injuries

Classroom Strategies for Visually Impaired Students

Seating near visual aids (board, whiteboard)
Eyeglasses, magnifiers, bright lighting
Large print materials
Audiobooks
Assistance with notes
Extra time for tasks

Hearing Impairments

Problem with damage to one or more parts of the ear
Types: Conductive (outer/middle ear), Sensorineural (inner ear/auditory nerve), Mixed (both), Central (brain processing), Auditory Processing Disorder (not hearing loss, but difficulty interpreting sounds)

Causes of Hearing Impairments

Genetic disorders
Injuries to the ear or head
Pregnancy/birth complications
Infections/illnesses
Medications
Loud noises

Symptoms of Hearing Impairments

Failure to respond to verbal instructions
Asking for repetition
Raising voice when speaking
Difficulty hearing sounds

Classroom Strategies for Hearing Impaired Students

Visual cues: use visual aids in class.
Sign language: If qualified, use sign language in class.
Eye contact: Maintain eye contact where possible.
Slow & clear speech: Speak slowly and clearly without shouting.
Demonstrate: Show what you want them to do
Paper/pen: Use paper and pen to communicate
Facial/body expressions: Use facial and body expressions for communication.

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Description

This quiz explores the key concepts of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including its definitions, levels, signs, and symptoms. Learn about how ASD affects social interaction, communication, and behavior. Discover the necessary support levels and common challenges faced by individuals with ASD.