Understanding Attention and Consciousness Quiz

Attention is the means by which we actively process a limited amount of information from the enormous amount of information available through our ______, our stored memories, and our other cognitive processes.

Consciousness is more directly concerned with ______ – it includes both the feeling of awareness and the content of awareness.

Vigilance is the state of being watchful or alert for danger or some other kind of ______.

Vigilance also refers to a person's ability to attend to a field of stimulation over a prolonged period, during which the person seeks to detect the appearance of a particular target stimulus of ______.

We often engage in an active search for particular ______.

Vigilance involves passively waiting for a signal stimulus to appear, whereas search involves actively seeking out a target and often skillfully seeking out a target. Distracters are nontarget stimuli that divert our attention away from the target stimuli. There are 2 Kinds of Search: ______ and Conjunction Search.

During feature searches, we monitor the relevant feature map for the presence of any activation in the visual field. During conjunction searches, we must conjoin two or more features into an object representation at a particular location. This theory is known as _______________.

As the similarity between target and distracter increases, the difficulty in detecting the target stimuli also increases. This is known as _______________ Theory.

All searches involve two consecutive stages: the Parallel Stage and the _______________ Stage.

The Stroop Effect demonstrates the psychological difficulty in selectively attending to the color of the ink and trying to ignore the word that is printed with the ink of that color. This is known as _______________ Stroop Effect.

The Cocktail Party Effect refers to the process of tracking one conversation in the face of the distraction of other conversations. An inability to segregate stimuli in this way is sometimes referred to as the cocktail party problem or cocktail party _______________.

Listening to two different messages and repeating back only one of the messages as soon as possible after you hear it is known as the _______________ Task.

Exogenous cues are external; we don’t need to tell ourselves to look for them in order for them to capture our attention. Endogenous cues are more internalized; they involve internal knowledge to understand the cue in the first place. These cues are types of _______________.

Inattentional Blindness refers to not being consciously aware of things that happen in our visual field when our attention is directed elsewhere. Change Blindness refers to failing to notice changes in the environment. Both are examples of _______________.

Broadbent's Selection Theory states that we filter information right after it is registered at the sensory level. Moray’s Selective Filter Theory suggests that some highly salient messages are so powerful that they burst through the filtering mechanism. Treisman's Attenuation Theory proposes that we preattentively analyze the physical properties of a stimulus. These theories are related to _______________ Theories of Selective Attention.