Unbiased Research Methods Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for an observer who records data without knowing the researcher’s predictions?

Blind observer

What is the term for a pill with no known pharmacological effects?

Placebo

In a single blind study, who is unaware of which participants received which treatment?

Both the observer and the participants

What are demand characteristics in an experiment?

Cues that tell participants what is expected of them Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tendency of an experimenter to distort or misperceive the results of an experiment based on the expected outcome?

Experimenter bias Signup and view all the answers

Match the following observational research designs with their descriptions:

Naturalistic Observations = A careful examination of what happens under more or less natural conditions Case Histories = A thorough description of the person, including abilities and disabilities, medical condition, life history, unusual experiences, and whatever else seems relevant Surveys = A study of the prevalence of certain beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors based on people’s responses to questions Correlational Studies = A procedure in which investigators measure the correlation between two variables without controlling either of them Signup and view all the answers

Match the following survey considerations with their descriptions:

Sampling = The process of selecting a representative group from the population under study The Seriousness of Those Being Interviewed = The level of seriousness or honesty exhibited by the respondents during the survey The Wording of the Questions = The phrasing and structure of the survey questions, which can influence respondents' answers Surveyor Biases = The potential influence of the surveyor's personal opinions or attitudes on the survey results Signup and view all the answers

Match the following correlational study components with their descriptions:

Correlation coefficient = A mathematical estimate of the relationship between two variables. The coefficient can range from +1 to –1 Scatterplots = Graphical representations where each dot represents a given individual, with one measurement for that individual on the x-axis (horizontal) and another measurement on the y-axis (vertical) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following observational research designs with their primary focus:

Naturalistic Observations = Focused on studying behavior in natural settings without intervention or manipulation Case Histories = Focused on providing detailed and comprehensive information about a specific individual or case Surveys = Focused on gathering information about beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors from a large sample of people Correlational Studies = Focused on examining the relationship between two variables without manipulating them Signup and view all the answers

Match the following survey considerations with their impact on survey results:

Sampling = Impacts the generalizability of survey results to the larger population The Seriousness of Those Being Interviewed = Impacts the validity and reliability of the survey responses The Wording of the Questions = Impacts the accuracy and consistency of the survey responses Surveyor Biases = Impacts the objectivity and credibility of the survey findings Signup and view all the answers