27 Questions
What should the nurse do next for the 3 year old with unilateral purulent drainage from the nose?
Perform an otoscopic examination of the left nares
What would be the most appropriate response by the nurse for the 26 year old with clear vesicles with an erythematous base around them located at the lip-skin border?
Discuss the benefits of having a biopsy performed on any unusual lesion
What is a possible cause of nasal stuffiness and epistaxis during pregnancy?
Increased vascularity in the upper respiratory tract as a result of the pregnancy
Which of these statements about smokeless tobacco (SLT) are accurate?
Using SLT has been associated with a greater risk of oral cancer than smoking
Which of these are possible causes of changes in the sense of smell?
Cigarette smoking
At what age are all 20 deciduous teeth expected to erupt?
By 4 years old
At what age are 16 deciduous teeth expected?
By 2 years old
What is a common sign of maxillary sinusitis?
Facial pain, swollen turbinates, and purulent discharge
What can untreated strep throat lead to?
Rheumatic fever
What is a common effect of the aging process on the tongue?
The tongue appears smoother due to papillary atrophy
What can misuse of over-the-counter nasal medications cause?
Rebound swelling
What is a common finding on the tongue in adults that would raise suspicion of cancer?
Ulceration on the side of the tongue or under the tongue
What can allergic rhinitis cause?
Rhinorrhea, itching, and clear nasal discharge
What is a common effect of maxillary sinusitis?
Fever, chills, and malaise
Which oral lesion is most likely to be an early sign of AIDS?
Oral Kaposis sarcoma
What is a common characteristic of bifid uvula?
It is common in some Native-American groups
What can cause the tongue to appear smoother in the aging process?
Papillary atrophy
What is the cause of swollen and bleeding gums in pregnancy and puberty?
Hormonal changes
What is a potential consequence of ulceration on the side of the tongue or under the tongue?
It raises suspicion of cancer
What causes black, hairy tongue?
Fungal infection
What is the characteristic presentation of candidiasis?
White, cheesy, curdlike patch
What is the normal appearance of a sucking tubercle in infants?
Small pad in the middle of the upper lip
When should evaluation by another health care provider be considered for a sucking tubercle in an infant?
Only if it persists beyond infancy
What is the characteristic appearance of oral lesions due to carcinoma on the lips?
Crusted and ulcerated with an elevated border
What is the recommended action for a nurse regarding a toddler's tooth count at 18 months?
Compare with the mother's experience at that age
What is the appropriate response of the nurse regarding a toddler's tooth count at 18 months?
Provide reassurance and compare the toddler's tooth count with the mother's experience at that age
What should the nurse not worry about regarding the toddler's teeth at 18 months?
The number of teeth
Study Notes
Oral Lesions and Abnormalities Summary
- Cold sores are groups of clear vesicles with a surrounding erythematous base, evolving into pustules or crusts and healing in 4 to 10 days.
- Carcinoma lesions on the lips become crusted and ulcerated with an elevated border, most occurring between the outer and middle thirds of the lip.
- Swollen and bleeding gums in pregnancy and puberty may be caused by changing hormonal balance.
- Candidiasis presents as a white, cheesy, curdlike patch on the buccal mucosa and tongue and occurs after the use of antibiotics or corticosteroids.
- Black, hairy tongue is a fungal infection caused by the overgrowth of mycelial threads of fungus infection on the tongue, occurring after the use of antibiotics.
- Oral Kaposis sarcoma, a dark red or violet, confluent macule, may be an early sign of AIDS and usually occurs on the hard palate.
- A sucking tubercle, a small pad in the middle of the upper lip, is a normal finding in infants caused by the friction of breastfeeding or bottle-feeding.
- Evaluation by another health care provider is not warranted for a sucking tubercle in an infant.
- The number of teeth in an 18-month-old toddler should be compared with the mother's experience at that age.
- The nurse should ask the mother how many teeth she had at the toddler's age to determine the normalcy of the toddler's 12 teeth.
- The nurse should provide reassurance and compare the toddler's tooth count with the mother's experience at that age.
- The nurse should not worry about the toddler's 12 teeth at 18 months and should compare it with the mother's experience at that age.
Test your knowledge of oral lesions and abnormalities with this summary quiz covering topics such as cold sores, carcinoma lesions, swollen gums, candidiasis, oral Kaposi's sarcoma, and toddler teeth development. Evaluate your understanding of these oral health issues and their management.
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