Ch 14 part 2

Dental Health Assessment and Conditions Summary

• By age 4, all 20 deciduous teeth are expected to erupt
• At 18 months, a child is expected to have a normal number of teeth
• By age 2, 16 deciduous teeth are expected
• In the aging process, the tongue appears smoother due to papillary atrophy
• Allergic rhinitis can cause rhinorrhea, itching, and clear nasal discharge
• An abnormal finding on the tongue in adults would be a smooth, glossy dorsal surface
• Ulceration on the side of the tongue or under the tongue raises suspicion of cancer
• Untreated strep throat may lead to rheumatic fever
• Misuse of over-the-counter nasal medications can cause rebound swelling
• Bifid uvula, a split uvula, is common in some Native-American groups
• Signs of maxillary sinusitis include facial pain, swollen turbinates, and purulent discharge
• Maxillary sinusitis can cause fever, chills, and malaise

Oral Lesions and Abnormalities Summary

• Cold sores are groups of clear vesicles with a surrounding erythematous base, evolving into pustules or crusts and healing in 4 to 10 days.
• Carcinoma lesions on the lips become crusted and ulcerated with an elevated border, most occurring between the outer and middle thirds of the lip.
• Swollen and bleeding gums in pregnancy and puberty may be caused by changing hormonal balance.
• Candidiasis presents as a white, cheesy, curdlike patch on the buccal mucosa and tongue and occurs after the use of antibiotics or corticosteroids.
• Black, hairy tongue is a fungal infection caused by the overgrowth of mycelial threads of fungus infection on the tongue, occurring after the use of antibiotics.
• Oral Kaposis sarcoma, a dark red or violet, confluent macule, may be an early sign of AIDS and usually occurs on the hard palate.
• A sucking tubercle, a small pad in the middle of the upper lip, is a normal finding in infants caused by the friction of breastfeeding or bottle-feeding.
• Evaluation by another health care provider is not warranted for a sucking tubercle in an infant.
• The number of teeth in an 18-month-old toddler should be compared with the mother's experience at that age.
• The nurse should ask the mother how many teeth she had at the toddler's age to determine the normalcy of the toddler's 12 teeth.
• The nurse should provide reassurance and compare the toddler's tooth count with the mother's experience at that age.
• The nurse should not worry about the toddler's 12 teeth at 18 months and should compare it with the mother's experience at that age.

Test your knowledge on dental health assessment, oral conditions, and abnormalities with this quiz. Topics covered include teeth eruption milestones, oral lesions, causes of swollen gums, and characteristics of different oral abnormalities.