Gastroenterology and Oral Health Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a red flag symptom in GERD?

No symptoms after a PPI trial

Persistent cough (correct)

Dysgeusia

Heartburn relief with over-the-counter antacids

What is a common oral manifestation of GERD?

Burning mouth syndrome

Dysgeusia (correct)

Glossitis

Folic acid deficiency

What lifestyle change is recommended for patients with obesity suffering from GERD?

Consume more triggering foods

Elevate the head of the bed (correct)

Increase caffeine intake

Stop all physical activity

Which test is indicated for diagnosing pernicious anemia?

Serum vitamin B12 levels Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment may be prescribed to mitigate side effects of GERD?

NaHCO3 mouth rinses Signup and view all the answers

What is a common oral manifestation of Crohn disease?

Cobblestone mucosal architecture Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is recommended for managing symptomatic oral lesions in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Sodium bicarbonate mouth rinses Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause of gastritis that is commonly noted?

H.pylori infection Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment may be used for oral lesions that have disseminated to the oropharynx?

Dexamethasone elixir gargle Signup and view all the answers

What type of diseases does Crohn disease fall under when considering the etiology of gastritis?

Immune-mediated diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of dental management for patients with inflammatory bowel disease?

Frequent preventive and routine dental care Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is NOT associated with gastritis management?

Surgical resection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a non-infectious cause of gastritis?

Alcohol Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of Ulcerative Colitis?

Bloody diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes Crohn's disease?

It is an inflammatory bowel disease of unclear etiology. Signup and view all the answers

What laboratory findings are typically associated with Ulcerative Colitis?

Elevated inflammatory markers Signup and view all the answers

Which oral manifestation is commonly seen in patients with Ulcerative Colitis?

Recurrent aphthous ulcers Signup and view all the answers

Which extra-intestinal manifestation is associated with inflammatory bowel diseases?

Erythema nodosum Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Crohn's disease from Ulcerative Colitis?

Crohn's disease often presents with weight loss. Signup and view all the answers

What is Pyostomatitis vegetans?

A purulent inflammation of the mouth Signup and view all the answers

Which gastrointestinal disorder is characterized by long-term inflammation of ulcers in the colon and rectum?

Ulcerative colitis Signup and view all the answers

What primarily characterizes acute gastritis?

Predominantly neutrophilic infiltrate Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is described by chronic inflammation leading to the loss of native glands?

Atrophic gastritis Signup and view all the answers

Identify a typical symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Retrosternal burning pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a red flag symptom in GERD?

Dysphagia or odynophagia Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor is least likely associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Anaemia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of erosive gastritis?

Anemia due to bleeding Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a typical clinical feature of GERD?

Thrombocytopenia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions involves the regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gastrointestinal Diseases Overview

Common gastrointestinal (GIT) diseases include inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, as well as conditions such as gastric reflux, peptic ulcers, malabsorption issues, and eating disorders.
Dental practice significance arises from oral manifestations and management implications of these diseases.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD)

IBD includes conditions characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, primarily Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
Ulcerative colitis presents with bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fecal urgency, often observed with elevated inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP).

Oral Manifestations of Ulcerative Colitis

Major and minor aphthous ulcers frequently occur on the buccal mucosa and mucobuccal fold.
Pyostomatitis vegetans, a purulent inflammation, typically affects buccal and labial mucosa while sparing the tongue.
Hairy leukoplakia may develop, commonly associated with HIV.

Crohn's Disease Characteristics

Crohn's disease can manifest anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract and has unclear etiology.
Symptoms include persistent linear and deep ulcers and cobblestone appearance in the oral cavity.
Extra-intestinal manifestations may also affect eyes, joints, mouth, and skin.

Dental Management for IBD

Emphasizes preventive and routine dental care for monitoring oral health.
Management of oral inflammatory lesions may involve palliative rinses, topical steroids, and dexamethasone elixir for severe cases.

Gastritis Overview

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa, often due to H. pylori or NSAIDs.
Classified into acute and chronic types, with atrophic and erosive forms expressing different histological features.

Peptic Ulcer Disease Oral Manifestations

Neoplastic conditions can lead to xerostomia, altered taste perception, mucosal pallor, and ulcerations in the mouth.
Common symptoms include bleeding gums and mucosal necrotizing stomatitis.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

GERD is characterized by regurgitation of stomach contents leading to heartburn and potential esophageal injury.
Risk factors include smoking, obesity, pregnancy, and certain diet choices.

Clinical Features of GERD

Typical symptoms are retrosternal burning pain and regurgitation; atypical symptoms include chest pressure and chronic cough.
Red flags include persistent dysphagia, GI bleeding, and unintentional weight loss, which necessitates referral for further investigation.

Diagnostics and Treatment of GERD

EGD indicated in cases of red flags or lack of improvement with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).
Management includes PPIs, lifestyle changes like weight loss, and avoiding triggering substances.

Dental Management for GERD

Mouth rinses with sodium bicarbonate help counteract dysgeusia from acid reflux.
Topical fluoride applications and salivary substitutes may be prescribed to protect oral health.

Pernicious Anemia

This condition results from Vitamin B12 deficiency due to gastric mucosa atrophy affecting intrinsic factor production; characterized as macrocytic normochromic anemia.
Diagnosis involves measuring serum Vitamin B12 levels and associated metabolic markers.

Oral Manifestations of Pernicious Anemia

Presents as an inflamed, "beefy red" tongue, glossitis, glossodynia, and burning mouth syndrome.

Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia

Identified as a macrocytic anemia caused by inadequate folic acid intake, particularly in individuals lacking leafy vegetables in their diet.

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Description

This quiz explores common gastrointestinal diseases and their manifestations, particularly focusing on oral lesions relevant to dental practice. Participants will assess their understanding of signs, symptoms, and management strategies for GIT diseases. It is essential for dental professionals to grasp these concepts for better patient care.