Types of Tissues: Epithelial Tissue
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of epithelial tissue?

  • To regulate body temperature
  • To facilitate movement
  • To provide structural support to the body
  • To cover the body's surfaces and line its organs (correct)

    • What type of epithelium is responsible for secreting substances like sweat, hormones, and mucus?

  • Basal epithelium
  • Glandular epithelium (correct)
  • Covering epithelium
  • Lining epithelium

    • What is the function of the basal lamina in epithelial tissue?

  • To connect epithelial cells together
  • To regulate epithelial cell polarity
  • To separate epithelial tissue from underlying connective tissue (correct)
  • To provide a free surface for epithelial cells

    • What is a characteristic of epithelial tissue?

    <p>It is avascular, lacking its own blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the specialized structures that hold epithelial cells together?

    <p>Cell junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the orientation of cells within covering epithelial tissues?

    <p>Polarized, with distinct apical and basal domains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of pseudostratified epithelium?

    <p>Cells appear to have multiple layers but each cell rests on the basement membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of squamous cells?

    <p>They are flattened, wider than they are tall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the endothelium?

    <p>It is a simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cuboidal cells?

    <p>They appear in section as high as they are wide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the shape of cells in a multi-layered epithelium?

    <p>The outer layer of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are covering epithelia classified?

    <p>Based on the number of cell layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of cuboidal cells?

    <p>Equal in height and width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the nucleus in columnar cells?

    <p>Any of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is seen in the micrograph of a sweat gland duct?

    <p>Simple cuboidal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of microvilli in cells?

    <p>Increase the surface area of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the apical domain of columnar cells?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of covering epithelia based on?

    <p>Shape of the cell and the specialization of the plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cilia in the epithelium?

    <p>To move fluid or mucus over cell surfaces and help to propel sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are goblet cells typically found?

    <p>Scattered within simple epithelia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of goblet cells?

    <p>Narrow base and wide apex, resembling a goblet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of cilia?

    <p>Microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of keratinocytes?

    <p>To synthesize and secrete keratin proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are Pseudostratified epithelium with stereocilia found?

    <p>In the lining epithelium of the vas deferens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for providing a protective barrier?

    <p>Stratum Corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of melanocytes?

    <p>Dendritic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which layer of the epidermis do keratinocytes start to accumulate keratin?

    <p>Stratum Granulosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the epidermis is found only in the thick skin of the palms, soles, and digits?

    <p>Stratum Lucidum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of keratinocytes in the epidermis?

    <p>To contribute to the formation of distinct layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are new keratinocytes formed in the epidermis?

    <p>Stratum Basale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Epithelial Tissue

    • Epithelial tissue, also known as epithelium, forms the covering of the body and lines its organs and surfaces.
    • It consists of tightly packed cells arranged in continuous sheets, either as a single layer or multiple layers.

    Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue

    • Epithelial cells are held together by specialized structures called cell junctions.
    • Epithelial tissue is avascular, lacking its own blood vessels, but receives nutrients and oxygen through diffusion from underlying connective tissue.
    • Epithelial cells have distinct orientations (polarity) within covering epithelial tissues.

    Types of Epithelial Tissue

    • Two main types of epithelia are distinguished:
      • Covering or lining epithelium
      • Glandular epithelium

    Covering Epithelial Tissue

    • Covering epithelial tissue has two distinct surfaces: a free surface exposed to the external environment or internal cavities, and a basal surface firmly attached to a basal lamina (basement membrane).
    • Cells have distinct orientations (polarity) within covering epithelial tissues.
    • Apical domain faces the external environment or body cavities, while the basal surface connects to the basement membrane.

    Classification of Covering Epithelium

    • Classification is based on several descriptive criteria:
      • The number of cell layers
      • The shape of the cell
      • The specialization of the plasma membrane at the apical domain
      • The presence of specific cell types

    Classification by Cell Shape

    • Squamous cells: cells are flattened, wider than they are tall, with the nucleus bulging into the lumen
      • Cuboidal cells: appear in section as high as they are wide, with a quadrangular appearance
      • Columnar cells: appear in section, taller than they are wide

    Classification by Specialization of the Plasma Membrane

    • Microvilli: non-motile microscopic finger-like projections that extend from the surface of some cells
    • Cilia: microscopic, hair-like projections that extend from the surface of many cells, composed of microtubules, and are motile structures that beat in a coordinated rhythm to move fluid or mucus over cell surfaces
    • Stereocilia: specialized microvilli found in some cells

    Classification by Presence of Specific Cell Types

    • Goblet cells: unicellular intraepithelial mucin-secreting glands scattered within simple epithelia
    • Keratinocytes: major cell type in the epidermis (outermost layer of skin), undergo progressive changes in their shape and function, contributing to the formation of distinct layers within the epidermis
    • Melanocytes: producing cells are melanin- (pigmentary cells) located in the bottom layer of the skin's epidermis, characterized by a dendritic shape

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of epithelial tissue, a fundamental type of tissue that covers the body and lines its organs and surfaces. Learn about the structure and functions of epithelial cells, including cell junctions and gland formation.

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