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For irrigation systems such as sprinklers that throw water into the air while irrigating, some ______ occurs while the droplets are in the air or once they reach the crop or soil surface.
evaporation
Application efficiency (Ea) is usually defined as the fraction of the applied water that is stored in the ______ zone and is available for crop water use.
root
The water stored in the root zone is often called net irrigation and the total amount applied to the field is termed gross ______.
irrigation
Application efficiency is defined as: Ea= 100% 𝒅𝒏/𝒅𝒂 where: Ea = application efficiency, dn = net irrigation depth, and da = gross or applied irrigation ______.
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To evaluate uniformity, a method is needed to compute a performance value from field test data. The two most used methods are the distribution uniformity (DU) and the ______ uniformity coefficient.
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The DU is a relatively simple method where; DU = dLQ /dz where: dLQ = average low-quarter depth of water infiltrated, and dz = mean depth infiltrated for all ______.
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The Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CU) is another index to indicate application ______.
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When each observation represents the same area, the CU is determined as: ∣𝑑1−𝑑𝑧∣ ∑ 𝑛𝑑𝑧 ∣ CU = 100% ( 1 where: di = depth of observation i, dz = mean depth infiltrated for all observations, and n = number of ______.
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Water is never truly lost, but not all applied water is beneficially used. For irrigation systems such as sprinklers that throw water into the air while irrigating, some ______ occurs while the droplets are in the air or once they reach the crop or soil surface.
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Application efficiency (Ea) is usually defined as the fraction of the applied water that is stored in the ______ zone and is available for crop water use.
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