18 Questions
What is a common weakness of qualitative research?
Difficulty in achieving complete neutrality
Which characteristic best describes empirical research?
Involves direct experience or observation
What educational theory focuses on learners' varied world perceptions for interpretative thinking?
Jerome Bruner's theory on connected experiences
What is a challenge in replicable research design?
Utilization of multiple data gathering methods
Which characteristic does logical research primarily focus on?
Based on valid procedures and principles
What is a major issue with labor-intensive data collection in research?
Time-consuming data collection process
What is the principle of autonomy in research ethics focused on?
Seeking consent of respondents
In research, what is a key characteristic of a methodical approach?
Utilizing a systematic approach without bias
Which aspect is NOT included in the active learning process?
Linear progression of thought
What does replicable research design aim to achieve?
Repeating procedures for valid and conclusive results
What concept does the principle of non-maleficence in research ethics focus on?
Ensuring the study does not cause harm
What is a key element of cooperative learning in research?
Interactive group work
What is the primary focus of phenomenology in qualitative research?
Describing real-life experiences of a specific event
Which type of qualitative research aims to understand the culture and experiences of a group of people in their natural environment?
Ethnography
What is the main difference between phenomenology and grounded theory in qualitative research?
Phenomenology describes lived experiences, grounded theory aims to explain them
Which data collection instrument is commonly used in qualitative research for grounded theory studies?
Interview
What is a characteristic of case study research in qualitative studies?
Thorough interview and observation as data collection methods
How does ethnography differ from case study research in qualitative studies?
Subject of study (specific person vs. group)
Study Notes
Strengths and Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
- Utilizes qualitative data to complement quantitative data
- Provides detailed information to explain complex issues
- Can utilize multiple methods for gathering data on sensitive subjects
- Data collection is cost-efficient
- Results are based on observations in natural settings
- It has the ability to elevate thinking power and allow for shifting between levels of thought
- It is an active learning process and a problem-solving technique
- It includes cooperative learning
Weaknesses
- Conclusions cannot be generalized to the entire population due to limited sample size
- Qualitative data can be difficult to analyze due to nonuniformity
- Neutrality is hard to achieve, and results can be affected by researcher's opinion and personal experiences
- Data collection is usually time-consuming and labor-intensive
- Results can be unpredictable due to changes in objectives
Governing Principles or Foundations of Inquiry
- John Dewey's theory of connected experiences for exploratory and reflective thinking
- Lev Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
- Jerome Bruner's theory on learners' varied world perceptions for their own interpretative thinking
Nature of Inquiry and Research Characteristics
- Empirical: research based on direct experience or observation
- Logical: research based on valid procedures and principles
- Cyclical: research is a cyclical process that starts and ends with a problem
- Analytical: research utilizes proven analytical procedures
- Critical: research exhibits careful and precise judgment
- Methodical: research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias
- Replicable: research design and procedures can be replicated to achieve valid and conclusive results
Research Ethics
- Deals with beliefs about what is right or wrong, proper or improper, good or bad
- Principle of Autonomy: seeking consent of respondents
- Principle of non-maleficence: ensuring no harm or disruption
- Principle of beneficence: ensuring legitimate interest
- Principle of justice: fair entitlement of resources
Types of Qualitative Research
- Phenomenology: focuses on description of participants' real-life experiences, uses interviews as data collection instrument
- Ethnography: aims to understand culture and experiences of a group in their natural environment, uses observation, interview, and survey
- Grounded Theory: aims to explain a phenomenon through developing a theory, uses interview and supporting documents
- Case Study: allows for intensive analysis of a phenomenon, uses thorough interview, observation, and documentation
Explore the different characteristics of research including analytical, critical, methodical, and replicable. Understand how each characteristic plays a crucial role in the research process from start to finish.
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