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Questions and Answers
Which characteristic of research indicates that it relies on observations and experiments?
What type of research is primarily concerned with numbers and measurement?
Which type of qualitative research focuses on how individuals interpret their personal experiences?
In research, what does the term 'comprehensive' refer to?
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What describes the systematic characteristic of research?
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Which qualitative research method develops a new theory based on collected data?
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What is a characteristic of objective research?
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Which type of qualitative research involves an in-depth investigation of people and groups over time?
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What is the primary focus of historical analysis?
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What principle requires treating individuals with respect for their capacity for self-determination?
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Which ethical principle focuses on avoiding harm to research subjects?
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Which of the following is NOT a form of plagiarism?
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The significance of a study relates to what?
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What does the scope of a study define?
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Which of the following describes vulnerability in research ethics?
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Which part of research presents the questions that will guide the study?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Research
- Empirical: Based on observations and experiments, essential for testing theories.
- Systematic: Follows organized, sequential procedures adhering to valid methodologies.
- Comprehensive: Maintains constant variables while testing others, ensuring reliability in findings.
- Valid: Aims to uncover facts, answer questions, and propose solutions to identified problems.
- Critical: Employs analytical methods for data collection, including historical, descriptive, and case study analyses.
- Objective: Strives for unbiased and logical interpretations based on real-life scenarios.
- Realistic: Involves thorough examination of data to ensure accurate study completion.
Types of Research
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Quantitative Research:
- Positivist scientific approach focused on numerical measurement and structured procedures.
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Qualitative Research:
- A naturalistic method focusing on human experiences, understanding, and individual perspectives.
Kinds of Qualitative Research
- Phenomenology: Studies how individuals interpret meaningful experiences, such as loss or caregiving.
- Ethnography: Investigates the daily lives, structures, and practices of specific cultural groups.
- Grounded Theory: Develops new theories grounded in data collected through research.
- Case Study: In-depth exploration of specific individuals, groups, or organizations over time, applicable in fields like social care and psychology.
- Content and Discourse Analysis: Analyzes communication contents across various mediums (e.g., publications, digital messages).
- Historical Analysis: Examines primary documents to connect past events with current realities, such as historical governance.
Chapters of Research
- Problem and Its Background: Outlines the research questions aimed at solving the identified problem.
- Review of Related Literature and Studies: Contextualizes the research within existing knowledge and findings.
- Research Methodology: Details the methods employed to conduct the research effectively.
- Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data: Involves systematic evaluation of data gathered.
- Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation: Wraps up findings and suggests actionable outcomes.
Ethical Principles in Research
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Respect for Person:
- Autonomy: Treat individuals capable of decision-making with respect.
- Protection: Safeguards for vulnerable individuals against abuse or exploitation.
- Beneficence: Maximizes benefits and ensures research risks are reasonable compared to expected outcomes.
- Nonmaleficence: Emphasizes the importance of not inflicting harm on participants.
- Justice: Ensures fair treatment and equitable distribution of research burdens and benefits.
- Vulnerability: Special considerations to protect the rights and welfare of vulnerable populations.
Issues in Research Conduct
- Plagiarism: Misappropriation of another's work, failing to acknowledge original sources; includes quoting, paraphrasing, and improper citation.
- Self-Plagiarism: Resubmitting one’s own previously used work without proper citation.
Key Components of Research
- Statement of the Problem: Identifies specific questions to address in solving the problem.
- Significance of the Study: Demonstrates the study’s contributions to relevant individuals and communities.
- Scope: Defines the extent and focus areas of the research.
- Limitations: Acknowledges restrictions impacting the study's outcomes or generalizability.
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Description
Explore the essential characteristics and various types of research methods in this quiz. Understand the differences between empirical, quantitative, and qualitative approaches and their importance in scientific inquiry. Test your knowledge on systematic procedures and objective analysis in research.
