Characteristics and Types of Research

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Questions and Answers

Which characteristic of research indicates that it relies on observations and experiments?

Empirical (correct)

Systematic

Critical

Realistic

What type of research is primarily concerned with numbers and measurement?

Qualitative Research

Phenomenology

Case Study

Quantitative Research (correct)

Which type of qualitative research focuses on how individuals interpret their personal experiences?

Case Study

Ethnography

Phenomenology (correct)

Grounded Theory

In research, what does the term 'comprehensive' refer to?

Considering all variables in the study Signup and view all the answers

What describes the systematic characteristic of research?

Orderly and sequential procedures Signup and view all the answers

Which qualitative research method develops a new theory based on collected data?

Grounded Theory Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of objective research?

Ensures findings are unbiased Signup and view all the answers

Which type of qualitative research involves an in-depth investigation of people and groups over time?

Case Study Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of historical analysis?

Studying primary documents to connect past events to the present Signup and view all the answers

What principle requires treating individuals with respect for their capacity for self-determination?

Respect for Person Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle focuses on avoiding harm to research subjects?

Nonmaleficence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of plagiarism?

Quoting another's work with proper citation Signup and view all the answers

The significance of a study relates to what?

The contributions of study results to society Signup and view all the answers

What does the scope of a study define?

The area of coverage for the research Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes vulnerability in research ethics?

Protecting the rights and welfare of at-risk individuals Signup and view all the answers

Which part of research presents the questions that will guide the study?

Statement of the Problem Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Characteristics of Research

Empirical: Based on observations and experiments, essential for testing theories.
Systematic: Follows organized, sequential procedures adhering to valid methodologies.
Comprehensive: Maintains constant variables while testing others, ensuring reliability in findings.
Valid: Aims to uncover facts, answer questions, and propose solutions to identified problems.
Critical: Employs analytical methods for data collection, including historical, descriptive, and case study analyses.
Objective: Strives for unbiased and logical interpretations based on real-life scenarios.
Realistic: Involves thorough examination of data to ensure accurate study completion.

Types of Research

Quantitative Research:
- Positivist scientific approach focused on numerical measurement and structured procedures.
Qualitative Research:
- A naturalistic method focusing on human experiences, understanding, and individual perspectives.

Kinds of Qualitative Research

Phenomenology: Studies how individuals interpret meaningful experiences, such as loss or caregiving.
Ethnography: Investigates the daily lives, structures, and practices of specific cultural groups.
Grounded Theory: Develops new theories grounded in data collected through research.
Case Study: In-depth exploration of specific individuals, groups, or organizations over time, applicable in fields like social care and psychology.
Content and Discourse Analysis: Analyzes communication contents across various mediums (e.g., publications, digital messages).
Historical Analysis: Examines primary documents to connect past events with current realities, such as historical governance.

Chapters of Research

Problem and Its Background: Outlines the research questions aimed at solving the identified problem.
Review of Related Literature and Studies: Contextualizes the research within existing knowledge and findings.
Research Methodology: Details the methods employed to conduct the research effectively.
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data: Involves systematic evaluation of data gathered.
Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation: Wraps up findings and suggests actionable outcomes.

Ethical Principles in Research

Respect for Person:
- Autonomy: Treat individuals capable of decision-making with respect.
- Protection: Safeguards for vulnerable individuals against abuse or exploitation.
Beneficence: Maximizes benefits and ensures research risks are reasonable compared to expected outcomes.
Nonmaleficence: Emphasizes the importance of not inflicting harm on participants.
Justice: Ensures fair treatment and equitable distribution of research burdens and benefits.
Vulnerability: Special considerations to protect the rights and welfare of vulnerable populations.

Issues in Research Conduct

Plagiarism: Misappropriation of another's work, failing to acknowledge original sources; includes quoting, paraphrasing, and improper citation.
Self-Plagiarism: Resubmitting one’s own previously used work without proper citation.

Key Components of Research

Statement of the Problem: Identifies specific questions to address in solving the problem.
Significance of the Study: Demonstrates the study’s contributions to relevant individuals and communities.
Scope: Defines the extent and focus areas of the research.
Limitations: Acknowledges restrictions impacting the study's outcomes or generalizability.

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Description

Explore the essential characteristics and various types of research methods in this quiz. Understand the differences between empirical, quantitative, and qualitative approaches and their importance in scientific inquiry. Test your knowledge on systematic procedures and objective analysis in research.