Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of scale ranks observations in terms of size or magnitude?
What type of scale ranks observations in terms of size or magnitude?
- Ratio scale
- Ordinal scale (correct)
- Interval scale
- Nominal scale
Which scale reflects equal differences in magnitude but has an arbitrary zero point?
Which scale reflects equal differences in magnitude but has an arbitrary zero point?
- Ratio scale
- Nominal scale
- Ordinal scale
- Interval scale (correct)
What is a characteristic or condition that changes and has different values for individuals?
What is a characteristic or condition that changes and has different values for individuals?
- Variable (correct)
- Dependent variable
- Independent variable
- Data set
Which scale has intervals of the same size and an absolute zero point?
Which scale has intervals of the same size and an absolute zero point?
What type of variables are presumed to influence another variable?
What type of variables are presumed to influence another variable?
What do measurements on a nominal scale do?
What do measurements on a nominal scale do?
What is the formula used for sample size determination in Yamane's formula?
What is the formula used for sample size determination in Yamane's formula?
What is the purpose of a rating scale in research?
What is the purpose of a rating scale in research?
Which of the following is not a method of collecting data according to the text?
Which of the following is not a method of collecting data according to the text?
In Cochran's formula, what does 'p' represent?
In Cochran's formula, what does 'p' represent?
Which formula is used for sample size calculation after Cochran's correction in the text?
Which formula is used for sample size calculation after Cochran's correction in the text?
What do attitude scales measure?
What do attitude scales measure?
What is the purpose of a questionnaire?
What is the purpose of a questionnaire?
Which principle is recommended for questionnaire design?
Which principle is recommended for questionnaire design?
What is the basic assumption underlying all attitude scales?
What is the basic assumption underlying all attitude scales?
Which level of measurement has four scales: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio?
Which level of measurement has four scales: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio?
Which type of question should be used cautiously in a questionnaire?
Which type of question should be used cautiously in a questionnaire?
What should question instructions for a questionnaire aim for?
What should question instructions for a questionnaire aim for?
Study Notes
Measurement Scales
- A ordinal scale ranks observations based on size or magnitude, reflecting relative positions.
- An interval scale reflects equal differences in magnitude but has an arbitrary zero point, allowing for meaningful comparison between values.
- A nominal scale categorizes variables without ranking, merely labeling different groups or categories.
Characteristics of Variables
- A variable is a characteristic or condition that varies among individuals, showing different values for different subjects.
Scales with Absolute Measures
- A ratio scale has intervals of equal size and possesses an absolute zero point, allowing for the calculation of ratios and meaningful absolute comparisons.
Influencing Variables
- Independent variables are presumed to influence another variable, often referred to as dependent variables.
Measurement on Scales
- Nominal scale measurements categorize data without indicating any order or relative magnitude.
Sample Size Determination
- Yamane's formula is used for determining sample size, addressing the need for a statistically significant group for research purposes.
- In Cochran's formula, 'p' represents the estimated proportion of an attribute present in the population.
- After Cochran's correction, the corrected formula for sample size calculation adjusts for design effects in survey research.
Research Tools and Their Purposes
- A rating scale in research is used to assess attitudes or opinions, offering a quantitative measure of subjective sentiments.
- The purpose of a questionnaire is to systematically gather information from respondents to analyze data effectively.
Questionnaire Design Principles
- The principle of clarity is recommended for questionnaire design to ensure that questions are well-understood by respondents.
- Basic assumptions underlying all attitude scales are aimed at accurately capturing a respondent's feelings or beliefs on a given topic.
Survey Question Types
- Open-ended questions should be used cautiously in questionnaires, as they can lead to varied and sometimes unstructured responses.
Instructions for Questionnaires
- Instructions for a questionnaire should aim for clarity and precision, guiding respondents on how to complete the survey accurately.
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Description
Learn about different types of measurement scales in statistics including nominal, ordinal, and interval scales. Understand how these scales categorize observations and the distinctions between them.