22 Questions
What does the term 'basal state' refer to?
The metabolic state of the body early in the morning after fasting for approximately 12 hours
How does serum differ from other body fluids in terms of viscosity?
It has lower viscosity due to the absence of fibrinogen
What is the primary advantage of using serum for analysis of some abundant components?
Decreased precipitates formed during freezing and thawing
Why should specimens for determining the concentration of body constituents be collected when the patient is in a basal state?
To minimize or eliminate effects of diet, exercise, and other factors on test results
What does hemoconcentration refer to?
A decrease in blood fluid content resulting in increased blood constituent concentration
Which factor contributes to hemoconcentration after a tourniquet is released?
Water loss from capillaries due to increased pressure
What is the benefit of using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) over serum in terms of yield?
15-30% higher yield compared to serum
Why should the laboratorian verify that a sample designated for clinical chemistry analysis is not shared among several departments?
To prevent invalidating certain tests in different areas
For which purpose is creatinine analysis often used in the clinical chemistry lab?
To assess the completeness of a 24-hour urine sample
What makes urine specimens advantageous for creatinine clearance and urine protein determination?
Stability and low interference of creatinine output
Why is time-saving an advantage of using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared to serum?
No clotting process required
What characteristic of urine makes it a challenging specimen to collect for quantitative analyses?
Difficulty in ensuring complete sample collection within specified time
What type of errors are made during the testing process?
Analytical errors
Which blood sample type has a higher glucose concentration compared to venous blood?
Capillary blood samples
What is the specimen of choice for most routine lab tests?
Plasma
Which component of blood contains about 55% of plasma?
Water
What does serum lack compared to plasma?
Clotting factors like Factor I
Why is arterial blood collection known for its difficulty and hazards?
It involves inherent arterial pressure
Which blood sample type has the highest oxygen content?
Arterial blood samples
What is the main disadvantage of using arterial blood samples for routine tests?
Potential complications and pain
What distinguishes capillary blood from venous blood in terms of its composition?
Different protein concentrations in capillary blood
Why is plasma the preferred specimen for most routine lab tests?
It provides immediate testing ability without waiting for clotting
Learn about different types of errors in specimen collection and testing process, including pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical errors. Understand the various sources and methods of obtaining blood specimens such as venous, arterial, and capillary samples. Explore the significance of phlebotomy or venipuncture in healthcare settings.
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