Types of Breeding Systems

Study Notes

Breeding Systems

Straight Breeding: Mating animals within the same breed, including methods such as purebred breeding, inbreeding, and grading up.
Purebred Breeding: Involves mating registered purebred males and females, eligible for registry with purebred associations. Example includes Angus x Angus pairings.
Inbreeding: Mating closely related animals to enhance genetic purity. Common types are:
- Close Breeding: Very closely related animals, e.g., mother-and-son pair.
- Line Breeding: More distantly related animals, e.g., cousin-to-cousin pair.
Grading Up: Process of mating purebred males to unregistered or crossbred females to elevate the quality of the herd.
Cross Breeding: Involves mating males and females of different breeds, often resulting in hybrid vigor. Example includes Yorkshire boar x Hampshire sow. Crossbreeding systems are categorized into terminal sire and rotational breeding.
Terminal Sire System: All offspring produced from breeding replacement females to the sire are sold, eliminating the need to keep any replacement females.
Rotational Breeding: Utilizes 2 to 4 different breeds for mating, requiring intensive management to maintain effective breeding practices.

Marketing Methods

Terminal Markets: Centralized public stockyards where livestock are consigned to firms that negotiate sales on behalf of sellers for a fee, acting as a middleman.
Auction Markets: Animals are sold to the highest bidder through public bidding processes.
Direct Selling: Farmers engage in selling directly to buyers, eliminating intermediaries and associated commission fees.
Electronic Marketing: Conducting auctions online, utilizing computers for livestock exchange.
Futures Market and Hedging: Involves legal contracts for future delivery of livestock, fixing prices for future transactions to mitigate risks.
Vertical Integration Contracts: Combines production and marketing of animals under a unified enterprise structure, enhancing efficiency and control.

Description

This quiz covers various breeding systems used in animal husbandry, including straight breeding, purebred breeding, and inbreeding. Each method is defined and explained to enhance your understanding of animal breeding techniques.