Tuberculosis Infections Quiz

Study Notes

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease typically caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.
It affects the lungs, but can also impact other body parts, including about 1 in 5 cases where the infection is extrapulmonary.
Most tuberculosis infections are asymptomatic, known as latent tuberculosis; about 10% of these progress to active disease, which can be fatal if left untreated.
The disease is primarily spread through the air when people with active infections cough, sneeze, speak, or spit.
People with HIV/AIDS and smokers are more likely to develop active tuberculosis infections.
Approximately 60% of patients with extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis have no evidence of pulmonary infection on chest radiographs or in sputum cultures.
Symptoms of active pulmonary tuberculosis include: persistent cough, chest pain, unexplained weight loss, and fever.
Extrapulmonary involvement can manifest in various ways, including ocular, urinary, skeletal, neurological, cardiac, peritoneal, cutaneous, and more.
Tuberculosis can be fatal if untreated, with about half of those affected by active disease dying.
Tuberculosis can be spread through the air when infected individuals cough, sneeze, speak, or spit.
People with latent tuberculosis do not spread the disease.
People with HIV/AIDS and smokers are more susceptible to developing active tuberculosis.
Extrapulmonary involvement in tuberculosis occurs in one fifth of all cases.
Approximately 60% of patients with extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis have no evidence of pulmonary infection on chest radiographs or in sputum cultures.