Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three possible directions in which tuberculosis infection may occur after primary contamination with MBT?
What are the three possible directions in which tuberculosis infection may occur after primary contamination with MBT?
The three possible directions are: 1) the pathological process does not develop in persons with adequate immune response, 2) the mycobacterium population escapes from the toxic effect of macrophages and preserves in a low activity, and 3) the organism is unable to manage infection, resulting in disease development.
What happens to the MBT in macrophages in the 1st variant of tuberculosis infection?
What happens to the MBT in macrophages in the 1st variant of tuberculosis infection?
Intensive death of MBT occurs with subsequent apoptosis of macrophages.
What factors can activate dormant sleeping mycobacterium and lead to disease development?
What factors can activate dormant sleeping mycobacterium and lead to disease development?
Factors that can activate dormant sleeping mycobacterium include HIV infection, treatment with immunodepressants, treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha-blockers, severe chronic stress, severe diseases, and starvation.
What is the percentage of infected people in which the organism is unable to manage infection, resulting in disease development?
What is the percentage of infected people in which the organism is unable to manage infection, resulting in disease development?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the necessary conditions for the 3rd variant of tuberculosis infection to occur?
What are the necessary conditions for the 3rd variant of tuberculosis infection to occur?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main factor that determines the outcome of primary contamination with MBT?
What is the main factor that determines the outcome of primary contamination with MBT?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of granuloma formation in the 1st variant of tuberculosis infection?
What is the role of granuloma formation in the 1st variant of tuberculosis infection?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of the 'dormant' or 'sleeping' condition of mycobacteria in the 2nd variant of tuberculosis infection?
What is the significance of the 'dormant' or 'sleeping' condition of mycobacteria in the 2nd variant of tuberculosis infection?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the consequence of immune deficiency in the 3rd variant of tuberculosis infection?
What is the consequence of immune deficiency in the 3rd variant of tuberculosis infection?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the common outcome of primary contamination with MBT in individuals with an adequate immune response?
What is the common outcome of primary contamination with MBT in individuals with an adequate immune response?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Primary Contamination from MBT
- The outcome of primary contamination from MBT depends on mycobacterial virulence, intensity and duration of bacterial load, and the human organism's immunity.
Tuberculosis Infection Directions
- 90-95% of cases: pathological process does not develop in persons with adequate immune response, moderate bacterial load, and granuloma formation in macrophages.
- Intensive death of MBT occurs with subsequent apoptosis of macrophages, and a dense fibrous membrane capsule forms, restricting the infected area from adjacent healthy tissues.
Escape of Mycobacterium Population
- In some cases, the mycobacterium population escapes the toxic effect of macrophages and remains in a "dormant" or "sleeping" condition.
- The disease does not develop, but the risk of getting sick in the future remains when the immune system is weakened.
Factors that Activate Dormant Mycobacterium
- HIV infection
- Treatment with immunodepressants
- Treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha-blockers
- Severe chronic stress
- Severe diseases
- Starvation
- Infected people with high disease risk who have not had chemoprophylaxis
Development of Disease
- In 5-10% of infected people, the organism is not able to manage the infection due to large bacterial load, active proliferation, and increased mycobacterial virulence, as well as immune deficiency, resulting in disease development.
Primary Contamination from MBT
- The outcome of primary contamination from MBT depends on mycobacterial virulence, intensity and duration of bacterial load, and the human organism's immunity.
Tuberculosis Infection Directions
- 90-95% of cases: pathological process does not develop in persons with adequate immune response, moderate bacterial load, and granuloma formation in macrophages.
- Intensive death of MBT occurs with subsequent apoptosis of macrophages, and a dense fibrous membrane capsule forms, restricting the infected area from adjacent healthy tissues.
Escape of Mycobacterium Population
- In some cases, the mycobacterium population escapes the toxic effect of macrophages and remains in a "dormant" or "sleeping" condition.
- The disease does not develop, but the risk of getting sick in the future remains when the immune system is weakened.
Factors that Activate Dormant Mycobacterium
- HIV infection
- Treatment with immunodepressants
- Treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha-blockers
- Severe chronic stress
- Severe diseases
- Starvation
- Infected people with high disease risk who have not had chemoprophylaxis
Development of Disease
- In 5-10% of infected people, the organism is not able to manage the infection due to large bacterial load, active proliferation, and increased mycobacterial virulence, as well as immune deficiency, resulting in disease development.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the primary contamination of mycobacterial tuberculosis, the role of virulence, bacterial load, and human immunity in the development of the disease.
