Podcast
Questions and Answers
What prosthetic cause is associated with excessive knee flexion during early stance?
What prosthetic cause is associated with excessive knee flexion during early stance?
Which anatomical cause can lead to insufficient knee flexion during early stance?
Which anatomical cause can lead to insufficient knee flexion during early stance?
What is a potential cause for lateral thrust during midstance?
What is a potential cause for lateral thrust during midstance?
What could lead to early knee flexion or 'drop off' in late stance?
What could lead to early knee flexion or 'drop off' in late stance?
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Which prosthetic cause might result in circumduction during swing?
Which prosthetic cause might result in circumduction during swing?
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What anatomical condition can contribute to lateral bend in stance?
What anatomical condition can contribute to lateral bend in stance?
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Which of the following is a cause of high heel rise during early swing?
Which of the following is a cause of high heel rise during early swing?
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What condition might lead to a forward flexion trunk shift during stance?
What condition might lead to a forward flexion trunk shift during stance?
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Which reason can lead to uneven step length?
Which reason can lead to uneven step length?
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What can cause terminal impact during late swing?
What can cause terminal impact during late swing?
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Study Notes
Transtibial Prosthetic Gait Analysis
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Early Stance:
- Excessive knee flexion: prosthesis factors include heel too high, heel cushion too stiff, socket too far anterior. Anatomical causes include flexion contracture and weak quadriceps muscles.
- Insufficient knee flexion: prosthesis factors include heel too low, heel cushion too soft, socket too far posterior. Anatomical causes include extensor spasticity, weak quadriceps, anterior-distal pain, and arthritis.
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Midstance:
- Lateral thrust: prosthesis factors include excessive foot inset.
- Medial thrust: prosthesis factors include excessive foot outset.
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Late Stance:
- Early knee flexion ("drop off"): prosthesis factors include heel too high, keel too short, socket too far anterior. Anatomical causes include flexion contracture.
- Delayed knee flexion: perception of walking: prosthesis factors include heel too low, keel too long, socket too far posterior.
Transfemoral Prosthetic Gait Analysis
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Lateral Displacements:
- Abduction (stance): prosthesis factors include prosthesis too long, hip joint abducted, lateral wall inadequately adducted, medial wall too sharp or too high. Anatomical causes include abduction contracture, weak abductors, lateral/distal pain, and adductor instability.
- Circumduction (swing): prosthesis factors include prosthesis too long, knee unit locked, friction insufficient, suspension inadequate, socket too small, socket too loose, foot planter flexed. Anatomical causes include abduction contracture and poor knee control.
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Trunk Shifts:
- Lateral bend (stance): prosthesis factors include prosthesis too short, lateral wall inadequately adducted, medial wall too sharp or too high. Anatomical causes include abduction contracture, weak abductors, hip pain, and instability.
- Forward flexion (stance): prosthesis factors include knee unit unstable, walker or crutches too short, socket inadequately flexed. Anatomical causes include short amputation limb instability.
- Lordosis (stance): prosthesis factors include socket inadequately flexed.
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Rotations:
- Medial or lateral whip (heel of): prosthesis factors include socket contour faulty, knee bolt externally (or internally) rotated, foot mal-rotated, prosthesis donned in malrotation.
- Foot rotation at heel contact: prosthesis factors include heel cushion too stiff, foot mal-rotated.
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Excessive Knee Motion:
- High heel rise (early swing): friction insufficient, extension aid slack
- Terminal impact (late swing): friction insufficient, extension aid taut.
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Reduced Knee Motion:
- Vault (swing): see above circumduction
- Hip hike (swing): see above circumduction
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Uneven Step Length:
- Socket uncomfortable, socket inadequately flexed.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the analysis of gait patterns in transtibial prosthetic users. It covers various factors affecting early, mid, and late stance phases, incorporating both prosthesis-related and anatomical causes. Gain insights into common gait deviations and their underlying reasons to enhance understanding of prosthetic function.
