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Questions and Answers
Philological theories focus on the equivalence of literary genres between the source language and the target language.
Philological theories focus on the equivalence of literary genres between the source language and the target language.
True
Linguistic theories view translation as a process reliant on context and connotation.
Linguistic theories view translation as a process reliant on context and connotation.
False
Nida argues that linguistic translation is not considered 'faithful' if it includes cultural adjustments.
Nida argues that linguistic translation is not considered 'faithful' if it includes cultural adjustments.
True
Sociolinguistic theories of translating arose from satisfaction with linguistic theories.
Sociolinguistic theories of translating arose from satisfaction with linguistic theories.
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Linguistic theories can be categorized as prescriptive, demonstrating how translations should occur.
Linguistic theories can be categorized as prescriptive, demonstrating how translations should occur.
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Theories based on surface-structure comparisons use simple rules for matching structures.
Theories based on surface-structure comparisons use simple rules for matching structures.
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The principal differences in linguistic theories of translation relate to surface and deep structures.
The principal differences in linguistic theories of translation relate to surface and deep structures.
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The work of anthropologists has influenced the development of sociolinguistic theories in translation.
The work of anthropologists has influenced the development of sociolinguistic theories in translation.
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Translation theory primarily aims to identify appropriate translation methods for various types of texts.
Translation theory primarily aims to identify appropriate translation methods for various types of texts.
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Philological theories of translation concentrate on the comparison of cultural contexts rather than linguistic structures.
Philological theories of translation concentrate on the comparison of cultural contexts rather than linguistic structures.
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According to Newmark, translation theory also includes strategies to resolve complex translation issues.
According to Newmark, translation theory also includes strategies to resolve complex translation issues.
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E.Nida asserts that all theories of translation can be classified as philological theories.
E.Nida asserts that all theories of translation can be classified as philological theories.
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Linguistic theories of translation are characterized by a focus on language as an activity.
Linguistic theories of translation are characterized by a focus on language as an activity.
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A rigorous theory of translation includes a practical evaluation procedure with specific criteria.
A rigorous theory of translation includes a practical evaluation procedure with specific criteria.
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Socio-linguistic theories primarily explore stylistic elements of translation.
Socio-linguistic theories primarily explore stylistic elements of translation.
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Philological theories are mainly interested in the equivalence of technical texts rather than literary texts.
Philological theories are mainly interested in the equivalence of technical texts rather than literary texts.
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Study Notes
Theories of Translation
- Translation theory focuses on determining appropriate translation methods for a wide range of texts.
- A good theory provides principles, rules, hints for translating and critiquing translations, and a background for problem-solving in translation.
- Translation strategies are needed to address difficulties and complications in complex texts.
- A rigorous theory includes a practical evaluation procedure with defined criteria.
- E. Nida argues that all translation theories are, fundamentally, linguistic.
Classification of Theories
- Translation theories are classified into philological, linguistic, and sociolinguistic.
Philological Theories
- These theories use philology (the study of language) and classic literary studies.
- They focus on comparing native and foreign language structures, focusing on functional correspondence in literary genres, stylistics, and rhetoric.
- A key concern is equivalence of literary texts in the source and target languages.
- The equivalence of literary forms (e.g., poetry vs prose) in the source and target texts is also examined.
Linguistic Theories
- Unlike philological theories, linguistic theories are based on comparing source and target language structures.
- Linguistic translation aims to replace source language units with equivalent units in the target language, prioritizing direct language equivalents, avoiding cultural adjustments.
- Linguistic theories are descriptive, aiming to show how people actually translate rather than how they should translate.
- Linguistic theories primarily look at matching surface structures and deep structures in terms of language units.
Sociolinguistic Theories
- These theories emerged from dissatisfaction with linguistic theories, alongside growing communication interest.
- Anthropologists emphasized the role of text recipients in translation.
- Sociolinguistic theories move beyond simple structural comparisons and consider the text's function in communication, including consideration of author, historical context, production context, and interpretation history.
- The central focus in sociolinguistic theories is on the reader's response to a text and to the translator's adaptation to a given readership.
- Theories show how translation focus shifted toward the recipient's understanding of the translated message.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts and classifications of translation theories, including philological, linguistic, and sociolinguistic approaches. Understand the principles that guide translation methods and the critical evaluation of translations through this insightful quiz.
