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What is Translation Studies?
What is Translation Studies?
A wide and varied area of enquiry having the study of translating and translation as its core.
What are the two skills involved in translation competence?
What are the two skills involved in translation competence?
Which of the following are types of tourist texts?
Which of the following are types of tourist texts?
Who produces tourist texts?
Who produces tourist texts?
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What are the two communicative functions of tourist texts?
What are the two communicative functions of tourist texts?
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What are the three main types of translation identified by Roman Jakobson?
What are the three main types of translation identified by Roman Jakobson?
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Translation is the process of converting text from a source language to a ______.
Translation is the process of converting text from a source language to a ______.
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The stylistic convention in translating English tourist texts to Italian is usually informal.
The stylistic convention in translating English tourist texts to Italian is usually informal.
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What is a characteristic of instrumental translation?
What is a characteristic of instrumental translation?
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Documentary translation adapts the source text to fit the target culture's functionality.
Documentary translation adapts the source text to fit the target culture's functionality.
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Name one type of documentary translation.
Name one type of documentary translation.
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Instrumental translation can be classified into ______ types.
Instrumental translation can be classified into ______ types.
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Match the type of translation with its description:
Match the type of translation with its description:
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What branch of Pure Translation Studies focuses on the development of theories and models?
What branch of Pure Translation Studies focuses on the development of theories and models?
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Descriptive translation studies only analyze existing translations without context.
Descriptive translation studies only analyze existing translations without context.
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What is the focus of process-oriented descriptive translation studies?
What is the focus of process-oriented descriptive translation studies?
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Holmes proposed that Applied Translation Studies refer to ______ aspects.
Holmes proposed that Applied Translation Studies refer to ______ aspects.
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Match the following concepts with their definitions:
Match the following concepts with their definitions:
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Which of the following is a goal of Pure Translation Studies?
Which of the following is a goal of Pure Translation Studies?
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G. Toury proposed two 'laws' of translation behavior to explain translation practices.
G. Toury proposed two 'laws' of translation behavior to explain translation practices.
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What is the term for studies focused on the socio-cultural impact of translation?
What is the term for studies focused on the socio-cultural impact of translation?
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What does Live Audio Description (AD) include?
What does Live Audio Description (AD) include?
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Audio Description first originated in the U.K. in the 1980s.
Audio Description first originated in the U.K. in the 1980s.
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What legislation in the U.K. supported the expansion of Audio Description?
What legislation in the U.K. supported the expansion of Audio Description?
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AD falls under __________ translation, as it translates images into words.
AD falls under __________ translation, as it translates images into words.
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The 2010 European Parliament Audiovisual Media Services Directive recognized AD as a right for which group?
The 2010 European Parliament Audiovisual Media Services Directive recognized AD as a right for which group?
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Match the Audio Description element to its description:
Match the Audio Description element to its description:
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Describers must ensure that AD provides a complex web of information.
Describers must ensure that AD provides a complex web of information.
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What is the main challenge for describers in Audio Description?
What is the main challenge for describers in Audio Description?
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What is the primary purpose of instrumental translations?
What is the primary purpose of instrumental translations?
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Heterofunctional translation is characterized by maintaining the same function as the source text.
Heterofunctional translation is characterized by maintaining the same function as the source text.
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What term describes the intended purpose behind any translational action according to Skopos Theory?
What term describes the intended purpose behind any translational action according to Skopos Theory?
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Equifunctional translation is commonly applied to ______ texts or instructions.
Equifunctional translation is commonly applied to ______ texts or instructions.
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Match the translation types with their definitions:
Match the translation types with their definitions:
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Which subtype of translation focuses on maintaining the original's literary status?
Which subtype of translation focuses on maintaining the original's literary status?
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Norms and conventions in functional translation are not influenced by cultural expectations.
Norms and conventions in functional translation are not influenced by cultural expectations.
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In what way does Vermeer’s Skopos Theory differ from traditional views of translation?
In what way does Vermeer’s Skopos Theory differ from traditional views of translation?
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Which type of tourist texts in English tends to be more informal?
Which type of tourist texts in English tends to be more informal?
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Italian tourist texts often use the imperative mode to convey messages.
Italian tourist texts often use the imperative mode to convey messages.
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What is the primary aim of informative texts?
What is the primary aim of informative texts?
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The communicative function of texts that aims to persuade or prompt action is called ______.
The communicative function of texts that aims to persuade or prompt action is called ______.
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Match the following translation types with their definitions:
Match the following translation types with their definitions:
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When translating, which of the following variables should not be considered?
When translating, which of the following variables should not be considered?
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Italian readers may perceive the imperative as a polite request.
Italian readers may perceive the imperative as a polite request.
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What factor should be taken into account regarding the audience when translating texts?
What factor should be taken into account regarding the audience when translating texts?
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What does a literal translation prioritize?
What does a literal translation prioritize?
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Free translation is always too far from the source language.
Free translation is always too far from the source language.
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What are the two concepts that form the major polar split in translation theory?
What are the two concepts that form the major polar split in translation theory?
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The term used to describe changes that occur in the process of translating is called ______.
The term used to describe changes that occur in the process of translating is called ______.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which example illustrates a failure of a literal translation?
Which example illustrates a failure of a literal translation?
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Linguistic untranslatability is only a concern when the source text is very simple.
Linguistic untranslatability is only a concern when the source text is very simple.
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Who coined the term 'shifts' in translation?
Who coined the term 'shifts' in translation?
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Study Notes
Translation Studies (TS)
- A wide and varied area of enquiry
- Core focus on translating and the translation process
- Translation is a process, translating is the action. Translation (s) is the end product.
Translation Competence
- Combination of two skills:
- Ability to generate multiple target texts from a source text.
- Ability to select one of those texts as the target text for a specified purpose and reader.
Tourist Texts
- Umbrella term for a variety of texts (guidebooks, travel magazines, websites, brochures, leaflets)
- Produced by Tourist Boards, city councils, and private enterprises.
- Used to promote a location, its attractions, services, and facilities.
- Consist of various publications, including brochures, leaflets, magazines etc. which describe cultural, historical, and geographical interest points
Language Domains in Tourist Texts
- Architecture, history of art, history, geography, gastronomy, economy, sports, customs and traditions, music and dance.
Communicative Functions (Reiss)
- Tourist texts fulfill two functions:
- Informative: providing facts, conveying information.
- Appellative: persuading or prompting action.
Translation
- Three types, according to Roman Jakobson:
- Intralingual: rewording/simplifying within the same language.
- Interlingual: translating between two different languages.
- Intersemiotic: translating between different sign systems (e.g., translating a written text into a visual form).
Variables in Translation
- Audience
- Medium of transmission
- Text type
- Translation purpose
Translation Studies as an Academic Field
- A wide and varied area of enquiry
- Studies of translation and translation products.
- A distinct field of academic research for at least 60 years
Translation Techniques
- Literal translation (word-for-word)
- Free translation (conveying the overall meaning/essence, adapting to the target culture)
- Calque (directly translating components of a word/phrase from another language)
- Transposition (changing an item from one language class to another class).
- Modulation (changing the point of view or perspective)
- Equivalence (finding an equivalent in the target language)
- Adaptation (creating a new situation in the target culture that is equivalent to the situation in the source culture)
Text Typology (Reiss)
- Informative: plain communication of facts
- Expressive: artistic shaping of content
- Operative: inducing behavioral responses
Types of Text in Translation
- Expository: Explaining concepts, offering an objective account, includes narration and description.
- Argumentative: Persuasive, defending theses or refuting counterarguments in detail.
- Instructional: Guiding actions, providing directions for behaviour, with or without choices.
Commentary Elements
- Why the ST is being translated?
- Who are the authors and the receivers?
- When and where was the text produced and received?
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of translation studies with a focus on tourist texts. This quiz examines the skills necessary for translation competence and the variety of materials used in promoting travel destinations. Learn how different language domains intersect in the realm of tourism.
