Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the procedure of borrowing in translation involve?
What does the procedure of borrowing in translation involve?
- Replacing a word with a synonym that fits the target language.
- Translating a phrase literally into the target language.
- Directly translating a word into its equivalent in the target language.
- Transferring a word from one language to another without translation. (correct)
Which of the following procedures allows for changing a word from one grammatical category to another?
Which of the following procedures allows for changing a word from one grammatical category to another?
- Calque
- Modulation
- Literal translation
- Transposition (correct)
What is modulation in translation primarily concerned with?
What is modulation in translation primarily concerned with?
- Altering the semantics and perspective of the source language. (correct)
- Changing the spelling of a word.
- Translating words directly without altering their meaning.
- Borrowing terms from one language to another.
In what situation would a translator typically use literal translation?
In what situation would a translator typically use literal translation?
What is the example of calque provided in the content?
What is the example of calque provided in the content?
What is the primary purpose of equivalence or idiomatic translation?
What is the primary purpose of equivalence or idiomatic translation?
In which type of translation is equivalence or idiomatic translation most commonly utilized?
In which type of translation is equivalence or idiomatic translation most commonly utilized?
How does adaptation function in the process of translation?
How does adaptation function in the process of translation?
Which of the following is an example of adaptation in translation?
Which of the following is an example of adaptation in translation?
What aspect makes adaptation the 'freest' method of translation?
What aspect makes adaptation the 'freest' method of translation?
Flashcards
Direct Translation
Direct Translation
A translation strategy using a literal or near-literal transfer of words and grammatical structures between languages.
Borrowing (in translation)
Borrowing (in translation)
Directly transferring a source language word or phrase into the target language when no direct equivalent exists.
Calque (in translation)
Calque (in translation)
Directly translating a source language expression by literally borrowing and translating a term or phrase.
Literal Translation
Literal Translation
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Transposition (in translation)
Transposition (in translation)
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Equivalence Translation
Equivalence Translation
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Adaptation Translation
Adaptation Translation
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Idioms & Proverbs
Idioms & Proverbs
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Cultural Gap in Translation
Cultural Gap in Translation
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Study Notes
Vinay and Darbelnet's Model of Translation
- Two Strategies: Direct translation and oblique translation.
- Seven Procedures (Techniques): Used within the two strategies.
Direct Translation Procedures
- (0) Borrowing: Direct transfer of words (spelling and pronunciation) into the target language. Used for concepts without direct equivalents, often in technical fields. Example: "laptop" translated as "لابتوب." Sometimes called transliteration.
- (6) Calque: Direct borrowing of a term, then literal translation of its components. Examples: "cold war" as "الحرب الباردة", "White House" as "البيت الابيض", and "skyscraper" as "ناطحة سحاب".
- (3) Literal Translation: Word-for-word translation, often used between languages with similar families and cultures . Example: "I bought a black car" as "اشتريت سيارة سوداء."
Oblique Translation Procedures
- (4) Transposition: Changes the grammatical category of a word. May be obligatory by receptor language rules or optional by translator decision. Example: "a man of great height" translates to "رجل طويل" where "great height" becomes the adjective "طويل."
- (5) Modulation: Alters the semantics and viewpoint of the source language. This change may be optional or required. Examples: "wait a minute" translates to "انتظر لحظة" and "don't lie" translates to "كن صادقا."
- (2) Equivalence/Idiomatic Translation: Finds a suitable equivalence expressing the same meaning and cultural reference in the target language, often impacting the target audience. Common in literary translation, particularly with idioms and proverbs. Example: "I'm all ears" translated to "كلي اذان صاغية".
- (7) Adaptation: Bridges cultural gaps by replacing unfamiliar references with ones relevant to the target audience. Freest method of transferring meaning between languages. Example: "الف ليلة وليلة" (Arabian Nights stories) translated to "The Arabian Nights".
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Description
Test your knowledge on Vinay and Darbelnet's model of translation, focusing on direct and oblique translation strategies. Explore various procedures such as borrowing, calque, and literal translation, and understand their applications in different contexts.
