Transgenic Animals in Disease Study
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of designing transgenic animals as models for human diseases?

  • To increase understanding of disease development (correct)
  • To improve the taste of human food
  • To study animal behaviors
  • To provide companionship for patients
  • Which of the following diseases is NOT mentioned as having transgenic models for research purposes?

  • Alzheimer's
  • Diabetes (correct)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Cancer
  • What biological product was produced by the transgenic cow named Rosie?

  • Human growth hormone
  • Human insulin
  • Human hemoglobin
  • Human alpha-lactalbumin (correct)
  • Why are transgenic animals used in testing the safety of vaccines before human trials?

    <p>To reduce reliance on monkeys in testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using transgenic animals to produce biological products over traditional methods?

    <p>Ability to produce specific human proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Rosie, the first transgenic cow, produce human protein-enriched milk?

    <p>1997</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of gene therapy?

    <p>To introduce normal genes to correct a genetic defect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In gene therapy, what is the role of functional ADA cDNA introduced using a retroviral vector?

    <p>To compensate for the non-functional adenosine deaminase gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does gene therapy differ from enzyme replacement therapy?

    <p>Gene therapy involves introducing genes to correct genetic defects, while enzyme replacement therapy uses functional enzymes to treat diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the condition of the 4-year old girl who received the first clinical gene therapy in 1990?

    <p>Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe plants, bacteria, fungi, and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation?

    <p>Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of growing lymphocytes from the patient's blood in a culture outside the body during gene therapy?

    <p>To introduce functional ADA cDNA into the lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does gene therapy aim to address genetic defects in individuals or embryos?

    <p>By inserting normal genes to compensate for non-functional ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benefit of genetic modification mentioned in the text?

    <p>Promoting the growth of harmful bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Bt toxin in agriculture as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Decreasing reliance on chemical pesticides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way in which genetically modified crops help with post-harvest losses?

    <p>By reducing post-harvest losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which industry can benefit from the creation of tailor-made plants by genetic modification?

    <p>Pharmaceutical industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rice is mentioned in the text as an example of enhanced nutritional value through genetic modification?

    <p>'Golden' rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of toxicity/safety testing in chemical safety testing?

    <p>To study the effects of toxic substances on transgenic animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are transgenic animals used in toxicity testing for chemical safety?

    <p>Because they can be made more sensitive to toxic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential problems can arise due to the introduction of genetically modified organisms into the ecosystem?

    <p>Unpredictable results in food and medicine sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are ethical standards necessary in evaluating human activities related to living organisms?

    <p>To ensure the morality of actions that might harm or help living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee) in India?

    <p>To make decisions on GM research validity and safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key issues with patents granted for living organisms used for public services?

    <p>Unpredictable results in food and medicine sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is biopiracy?

    <p>The exploitation of bio-resources without compensatory payment or proper authorization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of countries is typically rich financially but poor in biodiversity and traditional knowledge?

    <p>Industrialized nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way traditional knowledge related to bio-resources can be beneficial?

    <p>To save time, effort, and costs during commercialization of modern applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has led to the realization of injustice in benefit sharing between developed and developing countries?

    <p>Inadequate compensation and benefit sharing practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was recently cleared by the Indian Parliament to address issues related to bio-resource exploitation?

    <p>Second amendment of the Indian Patents Bill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has biotechnology benefited humans according to the text?

    <p>It has given humans useful products utilizing microbes, plants, animals, and their metabolic machinery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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