Toxic Gases and Their Effects Quiz

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What is the main concern regarding volcanic ash clouds?

They can cause acid rain.

They can lead to lahars.

They can block out the sun.

They can cause clogs and corrosion of structures. (correct)

Which gases are poisonous and hazardous to organisms in volcanic plumes?

Carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide

Helium and neon

Sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide (correct)

Methane and ozone

How can breathing air with more than 3% CO2 affect humans?

It has no impact on human health.

It leads to headaches, dizziness, and increased heart rate. (correct)

It induces sleepiness and relaxation.

It improves respiratory system functionality.

What is the economic and environmental impact of lahars?

Cause destruction of infrastructure and loss of life Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding hydrogen halides in volcanic plumes?

They are hazardous to organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What can hydrogen sulfide exposure cause in humans?

Irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory system Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of hydrogen halides coating ash particles in an ash-producing eruption?

Increasing the solubility of the ash particles in water Signup and view all the answers

How does a lahar impact river valleys?

Altering the size, speed, and material carried in the river valley Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of economic and environmental harm from lahars?

Damage to infrastructure and loss of life due to destructive flows Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of exposure to high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)?

Immediate unconsciousness and death Signup and view all the answers

Why can carbon dioxide quickly cause unconsciousness and death at certain ratios?

It displaces oxygen in the blood and tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes hydrogen halides in volcanic plumes?

They have high solubility and dissolve rapidly in water droplets Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the deadliness of the Fuego Volcano eruption mentioned in the text?

High speed pyroclastic flows Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the speed of lava flows, according to the text?

The composition of magma (silica content) Signup and view all the answers

How did the lava flows from Mauna Loa's Southwest Rift Zone impact the coastal village of Ho‘okena-mauka?

Left all villagers unharmed but cut off the highway Signup and view all the answers

What type of hazardous material is commonly found in volcanic plumes?

Hydrogen halides Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant feature of pyroclastic flows mentioned in the text?

Temperature reaching 1,000 degrees Celsius Signup and view all the answers

How are ashfalls formed during volcanic eruptions?

By fragments hardening while escaping into the atmosphere Signup and view all the answers