Chemistry: Flammable and Toxic Substances

Flammable Liquids

• Acetone (CH3COCH3) is a flammable liquid.
• Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is flammable liquid.
• Ether (C2H5OC2H5) is a flammable liquid.
• Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) is a flammable liquid.
• Petrol (C6H14...C10H22) is a flammable liquid.
• Butane (C4H10) is a flammable gas.
• Ethane (C2H6) is a flammable gas.
• Propane (C3H8) is a flammable gas.
• Methane (CH4) is a flammable gas.

Toxic Gases

• Carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic gas.
• Chlorine (Cl2) is toxic and corrosive.
• Phosgene (COCl2) is a toxic gas.
• Hydrosulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas.

Aggressive Materials

• Nitric acid (HNO3) is a corrosive acid.
• Barium alkali (hydroxide) (Ba(OH)2) is a corrosive alkali.
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a corrosive acid.
• Ortho-phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is a corrosive acid.
• Calcium oxide (burnt lime) (CaO) is a corrosive alkali.
• Potassium alkali (KOH) is a corrosive alkali.
• Sodium alkali (NaOH) is a corrosive alkali.
• Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a corrosive acid.
• Soda (Na2CO3) is a corrosive alkali.

First Aid Materials

• Boric acid (H3BO3) is used for first aid.
• Glycerol (C3H5(OH)3) is used for first aid.
• Iodine (I2) is used for first aid.
• Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is used for first aid.
• Sodium hydrocarbonate (backing soda) (NaHCO3) is used for first aid.

Other Important Chemicals

• Ammonia (NH3) is a colorless gas with a pungent odor.
• Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is a solution of ammonia in water.
• Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) is a salt used as a fertilizer.
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless gas that is essential for plant life.
• Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is a weak acid formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water.
• Calcium hydroxide (slacked lime) (Ca(OH)2) is a strong base.
• Calcium carbonate (chalk, limestone) (CaCO3) is a common rock found in many parts of the world.
• Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) is a bright orange-red crystalline compound used in various industrial applications.
• Potassium carbonate (potash) (K2CO3) is a white solid used in the manufacturing of glass and soap.
• Crystal soda (Na2CO3 · 10H2O) is a hydrated form of sodium carbonate.
• Sodium chloride (white salt) (NaCl) is a common seasoning and preservative.