Topical and Oral Nasal Decongestants Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential adverse effect of prolonged use of topical nasal decongestants?

  • Pneumonia
  • Chronic sinusitis
  • Rebound congestion (correct)
  • Increased immunity

    • Which type of medication is primarily used to relieve nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis?

  • Antihistamines
  • Beta-blockers
  • Topical steroids
  • Decongestants (correct)

    • What is one of the risks when using topical nasal decongestants in patients with existing mucous membrane lesions?

  • Systemic absorption (correct)
  • Decreased nasal inflammation
  • Increased cough reflex
  • Improved lung function

    • Which of the following conditions should prompt caution when using adrenergic decongestants?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic action of sympathomimetic topical decongestants?

    <p>Cause vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for using topical nasal decongestants during anesthesia?

    <p>Cyclopropane or halothane anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored when administering sympathomimetic drugs together?

    <p>Heart rate and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a local effect that may occur upon initial use of topical nasal decongestants?

    <p>Stinging and burning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a contraindication for antihistamine use?

    <p>Prolonged QT interval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of conducting a physical examination before administering antihistamines?

    <p>To establish baseline data for assessing drug effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should antihistamines be administered to maximize absorption?

    <p>On an empty stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing diagnosis may indicate a need for patient education regarding antihistamines?

    <p>Disturbed sensory perception related to CNS effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of pseudoephedrine in the nasal mucous membranes?

    <p>Stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT a contraindication for the use of pseudoephedrine?

    <p>Common cold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following assessments is critical for monitoring adverse effects of antihistamines?

    <p>Skin color and lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for using topical nasal steroid decongestants?

    <p>Acute infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential side effect may occur with the use of pseudoephedrine?

    <p>Rebound congestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse monitor to evaluate the metabolism and excretion of antihistamines?

    <p>Liver and renal function tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To limit adverse effects from antihistamines, what is an essential consideration during patient care?

    <p>Providing detailed information about potential side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assessment should be performed to evaluate the effectiveness of topical nasal steroid decongestants?

    <p>Respiration and adventitious sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which caution should be taken for patients with coronary artery disease when using pseudoephedrine?

    <p>Monitor for increased sympathetic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected outcome when a patient adheres to antihistamine therapy?

    <p>Reduced symptoms of allergy or motion sickness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients be educated about regarding the use of over-the-counter medications containing pseudoephedrine?

    <p>Read labels to avoid inadvertent overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to perform a physical examination before administering nasal steroid decongestants?

    <p>To establish a baseline for potential side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How quickly is pseudoephedrine typically absorbed after administration?

    <p>20-45 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What teaching should be included when instructing a patient on the proper administration of nasal steroid decongestants?

    <p>Techniques to minimize systemic absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing diagnosis might be applicable to a patient using topical nasal steroid decongestants?

    <p>Risk for injury related to drug therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with pseudoephedrine that affects the nervous system?

    <p>Tremors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In managing a patient using pseudoephedrine, what initial assessment is critical?

    <p>Allergy history and contraindications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of using topical nasal steroid decongestants?

    <p>Systemic absorption resulting in hormonal imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monitoring temperature in patients using nasal steroid decongestants is important for what reason?

    <p>To monitor for signs of acute infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal when planning treatment with topical nasal steroid decongestants?

    <p>To achieve limited adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for avoiding the combination of mucolytics with other drugs in the nebulizer?

    <p>To prevent the formation of precipitates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should residue be wiped off the face mask of patients receiving acetylcysteine?

    <p>To prevent skin breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a palliative therapy in the context of cystic fibrosis treatment?

    <p>A therapy that improves respiratory symptoms without curing the condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients using dornase alfa be cautioned about regarding their cystic fibrosis treatment?

    <p>They need to continue all therapies despite symptom improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical component of patient education regarding mucolytics?

    <p>Patients should know the correct drug name and dosage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored in patients receiving mucolytics?

    <p>Improvements in respiratory symptoms and potential adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if drug delivery becomes impeded due to buildup?

    <p>Dilute the concentrate with sterile water for injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients be instructed to do with dornase alfa regarding storage?

    <p>Refrigerate and protect from light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Topical Nasal Decongestants

    • Mechanism of action: Sympathomimetics cause vasoconstriction, reducing inflammation and congestion in the nasal membranes.
    • Therapeutic uses: Relieve congestion associated with colds, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and facilitate medical exams.
    • Pharmacokinetics: Topical application provides immediate action with limited systemic absorption.
    • Adverse effects: Rebound congestion can occur with prolonged use (over 3-5 days).
    • Cautions: Use cautiously in patients with glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes, thyroid disease, coronary disease, or prostate issues due to adrenergic properties.
    • Drug-drug interactions: Concurrent use with sympathomimetic or sympathetic-blocking drugs requires monitoring to avoid toxic or ineffective responses.

    Pseudoephedrine (Oral Decongestant)

    • Mechanism of action: Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucous membranes, promoting sinus drainage and improved airflow.
    • Pharmacokinetics: Well absorbed, reaching peak levels in 20-45 minutes. Metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine.
    • Cautions: Use cautiously in patients with conditions that could be worsened by sympathetic activity, such as glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes, thyroid disease, coronary disease, and prostate problems.
    • Adverse effects: Rebound congestion, systemic sympathomimetic effects (anxiety, tenseness, restlessness, tremors, hypertension, arrhythmias, sweating, pallor).
    • Drug-drug interactions: Risk of overdose when combined with OTC cold & flu medications containing pseudoephedrine. Avoid concurrent use of multiple products with pseudoephedrine.

    Topical Nasal Steroid Decongestants

    • Therapeutic uses: Effectively treat chronic rhinitis, reducing inflammation.
    • Cautions: Use cautiously in patients with acute infection.
    • Nursing considerations: Assess for contraindications and cautions. Perform physical examinations to establish a baseline for assessing the effectiveness of the drug and the occurrence of adverse effects. Monitor temperature for signs of infection.

    Antihistamines

    • Cautions: Contraindicated in patients with prolonged QT interval, pregnancy, lactation, and those with renal or hepatic impairment.
    • Nursing considerations: Assess for contraindications and perform a physical examination to establish baseline data. Monitor for anticholinergic effects and CNS effects.

    Mucolytics

    • Nursing considerations: Avoid combining with other drugs in the nebulizer. Dilute concentrate with sterile water appropriately to avoid buildup. Review the use of the nebulizer with patients receiving dornase alfa at home. Caution cystic fibrosis patients receiving dornase alfa to continue all therapies. Provide thorough patient teaching and offer support and encouragement.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the mechanisms, therapeutic uses, and pharmacokinetics of topical and oral nasal decongestants. Learn about their adverse effects, cautions for use, and drug interactions. This quiz is perfect for students in pharmacology and healthcare fields.

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