Lecture 12
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary objective of tissue repair?

  • To reduce chronic inflammation in organs
  • To restore tissue architecture and function after an injury (correct)
  • To regenerate damaged tissues completely
  • To promote scar formation in damaged tissues

What occurs when damaged tissues are incapable of complete restitution and regeneration?

  • Chronic inflammation in organs
  • Regeneration of residual undamaged cells
  • Scar formation through deposition of collagen (correct)
  • Complete recovery of tissue function

What is the term for the deposition of collagen in organs after chronic inflammation or infarction?

  • Fibrosis (correct)
  • Organization
  • Regeneration
  • Wound healing

What is the term for the process of laying down of connective tissue in a tissue space occupied by an inflammatory exudate?

<p>Organization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of labile tissues?

<p>Cells are continuously being lost and replaced by maturation from stem cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tissues have a limited capacity to regenerate after injury?

<p>Stable tissues except liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are tissues categorized based on their intrinsic proliferative capacity?

<p>Into three groups: labile, stable, and permanent tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the healing of wounds with minimal tissue damage and complete restitution?

<p>Healing by first intention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of embryonic stem cells?

<p>Can generate multiple cell lineages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of stem cells in labile tissues?

<p>To differentiate into mature cells and replace lost cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of growth factors in tissue proliferation?

<p>To stimulate the function of growth control genes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of the cell cycle are cells in stable tissues?

<p>G0 stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of autocrine signaling in growth factors?

<p>Signaling directly in the same cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to damaged permanent tissue?

<p>It is repaired by scar formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are stem cells typically located in skin and GIT?

<p>Near the basal layer of the epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a growth promoter?

<p>Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cell behavior?

<p>To regulate cell movement and differentiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of asymmetric replication?

<p>Some cells enter a differentiation pathway, while others remain undifferentiated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of granulation tissue?

<p>Pink, soft, granular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for edema in granulation tissue?

<p>Incompletely formed inter-endothelial junctions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of VEGF in granulation tissue?

<p>To increase vessel permeability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of tissues does cell renewal occur continuously?

<p>Labile tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the extracellular matrix in granulation tissue?

<p>Loose and fibrous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the liver can be removed in living donor or for tumor removal?

<p>40% to 60% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the accumulation of connective tissue matrix in granulation tissue?

<p>Formation of scar tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the proliferation of more differentiated progenitors in the bone marrow?

<p>Growth factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for tissue regeneration and repair?

<p>Intact ECM (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organs have some regenerative capacity?

<p>Pancreas, adrenal, thyroid, and lung (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can repair occur through regeneration alone?

<p>When there is minimal damage to tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic gross appearance of granulation tissue?

<p>Pink, soft, granular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the edematous nature of granulation tissue?

<p>Incompletely formed inter-endothelial junctions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the accumulation of connective tissue matrix in granulation tissue?

<p>Formation of a scar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of VEGF in granulation tissue?

<p>Increases vessel permeability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic microscopic appearance of granulation tissue?

<p>Proliferating fibroblasts and new blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for granulation tissue to become apparent?

<p>3 to 5 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of granulation tissue?

<p>Proliferating fibroblasts, new thin-walled capillaries, and loose ECM (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate outcome of the remodeling process in granulation tissue?

<p>Formation of a permanent scar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of angiogenesis in granulation tissue?

<p>Formation of new blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the extracellular matrix in granulation tissue?

<p>Loose and collagen-poor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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