28 Questions
What is inferred when a patient presents with bleeding but no anatomical cause can be discovered?
Functional impairment of the normal hemostatic process
Which disorder is characterized by frequent bleeding episodes primarily from the nose and gastrointestinal tract?
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
What is the typical presentation of hemarthrosis?
Bleeding in the joints
Which condition is associated with abnormal telangiectatic capillaries resulting in bleeding episodes?
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
In what percentage of cases do individuals with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia develop pulmonary AVM?
40%
At what age, on average, does epistaxis (nosebleeds) begin in individuals with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia?
>12 years old
Which condition is characterized by the need for vitamin C to synthesize hydroxyproline, an essential constituent of collagen?
Scurvy
Which condition is associated with (+) acute inflammatory reaction with IgA and complement components in capillaries, mesangial tissues, and small arterioles?
Henoch-Schönlein purpura
In which condition can glucocorticoid therapy lead to skin bleeding and easy bruising due to atrophy of supporting connective tissue?
Scurvy
Which disorder involves a platelet count lower than 150,000?
Quantitative disorders
What symptom typically precedes Henoch-Schönlein purpura?
- acute inflammatory reaction with IgA
Which condition involves vasculitis and increased vascular permeability leading to localized hemorrhage?
Cushing's syndrome
What is the most common non-iatrogenic cause of thrombocytopenia?
Infection-induced thrombocytopenia
What is a key step in evaluating a patient with thrombocytopenia?
Reviewing the peripheral blood smear
What is the role of calcium content in causing pseudothrombocytopenia?
Triggering platelet agglutination
When should a bone marrow examination be recommended in the evaluation of thrombocytopenia?
Urgently needed diagnosis or after unsuccessful less invasive methods
What is the fundamental defect in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia?
Absence of the platelet GpIIbIIIa receptor
Which condition presents with bleeding in skin, mucous membrane, recurrent epistaxis, and GI hemorrhage?
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
What therapy is successful in refractory or relapsing TTP?
Rituximab
Which condition is almost always due to iron deficiency, inflammation, cancer, or infection?
Reactive thrombocytosis
What is the main reason for initiating plasma exchange in TTP?
To resolve hemolysis signs
Which therapy should only be used as an adjunct to plasma exchange in TTP?
Glucocorticoids
What is a common characteristic of Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia?
It may occur due to herbal and over-the-counter preparations.
Which drug may cause thrombocytopenia within 24 hours of initial exposure?
Abciximab
How long after the initial exposure to classic drug-dependent antibodies does thrombocytopenia typically occur?
21 days
What is a distinguishing feature of the thrombocytopenia caused by platelet GpIIbIIIa inhibitory drugs like abciximab?
It may occur within 24 hours of initial exposure.
What is a distinguishing characteristic of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia?
It is one of the most prescribed drugs.
Why should all drugs be suspected in a patient with thrombocytopenia without an apparent cause?
Because any drug could potentially be the cause and should be stopped.
Learn about the treatment strategies for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP), including the use of plasma exchange, glucocorticoids, and immunomodulatory therapies. Understand the relapse rates and potential adjunct treatments for refractory or relapsing TTP.
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