Three Mile Island Incident and FEMA Establishment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Who was the first FEMA Director from 1979-1981?

Louis Giuffrida

Jimmy Carter

John W. Macy (correct)

James Lee Witt

When was FEMA officially established?

March 31, 1979 (correct)

March 31, 1980

June 19, 1978

April 1, 1978

Who was named FEMA Director by President Ronald Reagan in 1982?

Louis Giuffrida (correct)

James Lee Witt

John W. Macy

Jimmy Carter

What major event prompted President Jimmy Carter to transmit Reorganization Plan Number 3 to Congress?

Three Mile Island Incident Signup and view all the answers

Which FEMA Director emphasized the similarities between natural hazard preparedness and civil defense?

Louis Giuffrida Signup and view all the answers

During which administration was James Lee Witt appointed as the new FEMA Director?

Bill Clinton Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of terrorism in the United States before 9/11?

Bombs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of CBRN incidents?

Utilizing only natural materials Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using terrorism according to the passage?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most difficult biological weapon to grow and maintain?

Toxins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of radiological weapon?

Both a and b Signup and view all the answers

What was the hallmark of Witt's leadership?

Open communication Signup and view all the answers

When was the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) officially formed?

March 1, 2003 Signup and view all the answers

Who was appointed as the first Director of the Department of Homeland Security?

Tom Ridge Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of HSPD-3?

To create the Homeland Security Advisory System Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT one of the five Directorates of the Department of Homeland Security?

Intelligence and Counterterrorism (I&CT) Signup and view all the answers

What was the greatest federal reorganization of agencies since the creation of the Department of Defense?

The creation of the Department of Homeland Security Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a hazard and a risk?

Hazard is a source of danger, while risk involves the interaction of likelihood and consequences. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hazard is newer and less understood compared to others?

Technological hazards Signup and view all the answers

What defines a disaster according to the text?

An event exceeding the capacity of emergency services in certain areas Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes nuclear/radiation accidents?

Ionization causing tissue damage Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes natural hazards?

Pose a threat to human populations and agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What do hazardous materials incidents typically involve?

Corrosive or flammable substances posing threats Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of implementing a delay measure in physical security?

To slow down intruders long enough for a security team to respond Signup and view all the answers

Which component of an incident response plan involves assessing the situation and taking appropriate actions?

Response Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical resource utilized by the National Guard during a homeland security or disaster incident?

Strategic nuclear weapons Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of local response teams during an emergency event?

Responding to minor or routine emergencies Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the re-evaluation component of physical security is true?

It involves constantly reviewing and updating the original assessment and objectives Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical responsibility of state-level response during an emergency event?

Conducting military operations against foreign adversaries Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

FEMA Structure and Leadership

The first FEMA Director from 1979-1981 was John Macy.
FEMA was officially established in 1979.
President Ronald Reagan appointed Thomas A. Smith as FEMA Director in 1982.
The major event prompting President Jimmy Carter to transmit Reorganization Plan Number 3 to Congress was the Three Mile Island nuclear accident.

Directors and Leadership Focus

FEMA Director James Lee Witt emphasized similarities between natural hazard preparedness and civil defense.
James Lee Witt was appointed during the Bill Clinton administration.

Terrorism in the United States

Prior to 9/11, the most common type of terrorism in the United States was domestic terrorism.
The most difficult biological weapon to grow and maintain is anthrax.
A type of radiological weapon includes a "dirty bomb."

Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was officially formed in 2003.
Tom Ridge was appointed as the first Director of DHS.
HSPD-3 (Homeland Security Presidential Directive-3) aimed to enhance the nation's capabilities for state and local government in terrorism response.

Organizational Changes and Responsibilities

The greatest federal reorganization of agencies since the creation of the Department of Defense was the establishment of DHS.
Hazards differ from risks in that hazards are potential threats while risks represent the likelihood of that threat causing harm.

Types of Hazards

Cyber hazards are newer and less understood than traditional hazards.
A disaster is defined as a significant disruption causing widespread human, material, or environmental impact.

Types of Incidents

Nuclear/radiation accidents are characterized by the release of radioactive material.
Natural hazards are best described as naturally occurring events that can cause harm or damage.
Hazardous materials incidents typically involve toxic substances that may pose risks to health and safety.

Incident Response and Management

The primary purpose of delaying measures in physical security is to provide time for effective response during an incident.
The assessment component of an incident response plan involves evaluating the situation and determining appropriate actions.
The National Guard typically provides resources like personnel and equipment during homeland security or disaster incidents.

Local Response and Security Evaluation

Local response teams are primarily responsible for immediate emergency response during disasters.
The re-evaluation component of physical security assesses the effectiveness of security measures and identifies areas for improvement.
A typical responsibility of state-level response that is not common is direct medical treatment to victims during an emergency, which is usually handled locally.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the Three Mile Island nuclear incident in 1979 and the establishment of FEMA shortly after. Explore key events such as President Carter's response and the significance of Reorganization Plan Number 3. Find out more about this critical moment in history!