8. Mediastinum Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the mediastinum within the thoracic cavity?

  • To facilitate movement of the diaphragm
  • To contain only the heart and major vessels
  • To support the lungs during respiration
  • To separate the pulmonary spaces and house thoracic viscera (correct)
  • Which anatomical structure is located at the superior boundary of the mediastinum?

  • Superior thoracic aperture (correct)
  • Pleurae
  • Sternum
  • Diaphragm
  • The inferior mediastinum is further subdivided into how many parts?

  • Three parts (correct)
  • Four parts
  • Two parts
  • Five parts
  • Which mediastinal compartment directly houses the heart?

    <p>Middle Mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is located posteriorly to the mediastinum?

    <p>Thoracic vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The transverse thoracic plane helps to delineate which two mediastinal compartments?

    <p>Superior and inferior mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a structure included in the mediastinum?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship of the anterior mediastinum to the pericardium?

    <p>It is located between the sternum and the pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vertebrae is the posterior mediastinum located between?

    <p>Twelfth thoracic vertebra and thoracic vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT found in the superior mediastinum?

    <p>Pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Thoracic Cavity

    • Divided into 3 compartments: two pulmonary spaces (right & left) and the mediastinum
    • Pulmonary spaces contain pleurae and lungs, and are located laterally
    • Mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity that separates pulmonary spaces
    • Mediastinum contains all thoracic viscera except the lungs and pleurae

    Mediastinum Boundaries

    • Superior: superior thoracic aperture
    • Inferior: diaphragm
    • Anterior: sternum and costal cartilages (2-6)
    • Posterior: thoracic vertebrae
    • Lateral: pleurae and lungs

    Mediastinum Subdivisions

    • Superior mediastinum extends from the superior thoracic aperture to the Transverse Thoracic Plane
    • Inferior Mediastinum extends from the Transverse Thoracic Plane to the diaphragm and is further subdivided into:
      • Anterior mediastinum: between sternum and pericardium
      • Middle mediastinum: pericardium and heart
      • Posterior mediastinum: between pericardium and thoracic vertebrae (T5-T12)

    Transverse Thoracic Plane

    • Imaginary plane that extends from the sternal angle anteriorly to the 4th intervertebral disc between T4 and T5 posteriorly

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    Description

    Explore the anatomy of the thoracic cavity, focusing on its three main compartments: the pulmonary spaces and the mediastinum. Learn about the boundaries and subdivisions of the mediastinum, including its superior and inferior portions. This quiz will test your knowledge of thoracic anatomy and its components.

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