Therapeutics for Cardiovascular Disease in Animals

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Questions and Answers

Quale gruppo de medicamentos es classify como glycosidos cardiac?

Diureticos

Blockatores de canales de calcio

Antagonistas del recettore de aldosterona

Inotropicos (correct)

Quale de los sequentes medicamentos es un inodilator?

Furosemida

Telmisartan

Digoxina

Sildenafil (correct)

Quale mecanismo es implicato in la regulazione del pressione sanguinea?

Sistema Renina-Angiotensina-Aldosterona (correct)

Incremente del frequenza cardiac

Decremento del volume sanguineo

Inhibizione de la renina

Quale de estas es un tipo de diuretico?

Diureticos thiazidici Signup and view all the answers

Quale opzione non describe un influent indirecte del function cardiac?

Contractilitate Signup and view all the answers

Quale classa de drogas resista a arritmias percorrente ao concepto de Vaughan Williams?

Antidysrhythmic Class III Signup and view all the answers

Quale receptores adrenergicos se trova principalmente in le corde e influentia le taxa cardiaca?

β1 Signup and view all the answers

Quale de le sequente agonistas muscarinicos causa un aumento in le taxa cardiaca?

Nessun agonista muscarinico Signup and view all the answers

Quale classa de antidysrhythmic drogas include antagonista de β-adrenoceptores?

Class II Signup and view all the answers

Quale de le sequente non es un effetto direct de le receptores muscarinicos M2?

Bronchodilation Signup and view all the answers

Quale de le sequente classes de drogas es considerate un antagonista de canalis de Ca2+?

Class IV Signup and view all the answers

Quale classa de antidysrhythmic drogas es associada con bloqueadores de canalis K+?

Class III Signup and view all the answers

Quo se intende per bradyarrhythmia?

Un descenso excesivo del taxa cardiaca Signup and view all the answers

Quale recetores adrenergicos son principalmente implicate in bronchoconstriction?

M3 Signup and view all the answers

Quo es le functione principal de antidysrhythmic drogas?

Regolar le rhythmus cardiaco Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutics

This presentation covers therapeutics for cardiovascular disease in animals, particularly dogs, cats, and horses.
The presenter, Dr. Martin Hawes, is a senior lecturer in veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics.

Learning Outcomes

Students will learn about the principle functional problems caused by cardiovascular diseases.
They will learn about different classes of medication for treating these diseases.
They will identify drugs used to modify heart rate and rhythm.
They will identify peripherally active drugs to improve cardiovascular treatment.
The presentation covers possible treatments for common diseases in dogs, cats, and horses.

Links to Other Modules

The presentation links to modules on heart and blood flow (VMS1005).
It also links to modules on cardiovascular structure and function (VMS1006).
Another linked module is on cardiovascular responses to chronic strain (VMS2004).

Functional Problems of the Cardiovascular System

This section focuses on the functional issues related to cardiovascular diseases.

Drugs Affecting Cardiac Function

Drugs affecting cardiac function are categorized into those acting directly on myocardial cells (e.g., antidysrhythmics and inotropes).
The other category is drugs which act indirectly (e.g. RAAS, diuretics, and calcium channel blockers).

Antidysrhythmic Drugs

This section covers antidysrhythmic drugs, their mechanisms of action, and examples are detailed.
One type of antidysrhythmic drug is those that block sodium channels (Class I drugs)
The other type of antidysrhythmic drug is those that block potassium channels (Class III drugs)
Another type of antidysrhythmic drug is those that block calcium channels (Class IV drugs)
Another type is beta blockers (Class II drugs)
Antidysrhythmic medication is summarized in relation to different cardiac rhythm issues.

Cardiac Glycosides

Cardiac glycosides, derived from foxgloves, are crucial cardiac medication for animals.
They increase the force of contraction, slow heart rate, increase cardiac output, and have a narrow therapeutic window.
Their mechanism involves blocking the Na+/K+ pump.
The presentation also notes that cats are more sensitive to these drugs.

Inodilators

Inodilators can potentially improve cardiovascular function for animals with specific conditions.
These drugs combine both inotropic and vasodilatory effects.

Other Drugs Increasing Myocardial Contraction

Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine used in emergencies to address hypotension during procedures.

Diuretics

Diuretics decrease fluid volume to improve cardiac function.
Specific types of diuretics, like loop diuretics and thiazides, work differently but may be combined or used in different stages.

Aldosterone Receptor Antagonists

Aldosterone receptor antagonists, like spironolactone, are used to manage CHF, especially with low potassium (hypokalaemic) conditions.

Thiazide Diuretics

These diuretics are less potent than loop diuretics and are used in specific cases, secondary conditions or stage 3 heart conditions.

Calcium Channel Blockers

Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) - Dogs and Cats

Different treatments and issues for different stages of CHF are listed.

Key Points

Summarized key learning objectives and points regarding cardiovascular disease therapeutics.

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Description

Este presentation tracta del therapeutics pro le malatias cardiovascular in animales, specialmente in canes, felines, e caballos. Studentes apprende le problemas functional causate per le malatias e le diferentes classes de medication pro tractar illos, includente drugs pro modificar le frequentia e rhythmus cardiac.