Therapeutic Considerations in Pregnant and Lactating Animals Quiz

<p>Ensuring the drug does not enter the human food chain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced abdominal space and increased gastric pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High volume of distribution (Vd) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to the additional need for detoxification of fetal metabolites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent adverse effects on the fetus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Licensing studies are not commonly conducted for lactation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ion trapping of drugs in the fetus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dexafort (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gentamycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limit the use of Meloxicam to as little time as possible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential harm to the neonates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitor the offspring for any signs of toxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The risk-benefit of the treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some therapeutic considerations in lactating animals include the effect on the neonate, the effect on lactation itself, the drug's licensing status, the metabolic status of the dam, and the new route of elimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased gastric pH during pregnancy can change the Cmax (maximum concentration) and Tmax (time to reach maximum concentration) of drugs, affecting their absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Few drugs are licensed for use during lactation because some drugs can pass into the milk and potentially harm the neonate, and there is also a concern about the drug entering the human food chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnancy can lead to an additional compartment/plasma volume, and drugs with high Vd (volume of distribution) are more likely to cross the placenta and have greater distribution in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drug metabolism is altered during pregnancy due to the additional need for detoxification of any fetal metabolites, resulting in increased metabolism of the drug.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is important to monitor drug efficacy and safety during pregnancy because it is difficult to predict outcomes, and regular monitoring can help ensure the drug is still effective and safe for the pregnant animal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Difficult to know the actual effects as some effects will balance out others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trans-placental transfer of drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ion trapping refers to the accumulation of drugs, particularly basic drugs, in the fetus. This can lead to higher drug concentrations in the fetus compared to the dam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metacam (do not use in pregnant or lactating animals), Rimadyl (such use is not indicated), Dexafort (corticosteroids, apart from induction of parturition, should not be used)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gentamycin is associated with ototoxicity and is a teratogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New route of drug elimination, particularly drugs that are lipid soluble, basic and non-ionized, and have lower plasma protein binding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mastitis can influence milk pH and/or influence blood flow to the mammary gland.</p> Signup and view all the answers