Theories of Crime and Their Importance

<p>They involve calculated decisions made by the offender. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deciding to engage in drug distribution for financial gain. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They make calculations based on perceived ease of targeting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It focuses on the convenience of crime based on individual routines. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weighing potential benefits against possible penalties. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biological and psychological factors may explain criminal tendencies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some individuals are genetically predisposed to commit crimes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavior is influenced by both biological and sociological factors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The impact of social influences on behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An individual believed to have primitive biological traits leading to crime. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand the mixed responses to traffic disruptions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They interact with social conditions to shape behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical characteristics of criminals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Someone who kills four or more victims in a single location over a short period of time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White-Collar Crimes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20-50 active serial killers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals who derive sexual pleasure from their acts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homicide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cybervandalism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The control they exert over their victims (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic inequality and class stratification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequent movement of people and weak community ties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Access to healthcare (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low self-worth, cynicism, and aggression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economically disadvantaged groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unemployed individuals are more likely to commit subsistence crimes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instability as residents leave for better opportunities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mixed-use spaces with high movement of people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More data collected from internet users (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cybertreason (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personal reality modification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Repeated harm through online communication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surveillance of citizens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nationalistic terrorism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapidly evolving new crimes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>State political crimes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blurring of public and private boundaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fostering the accumulation of capital and controlling the poor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are frequently ignored by the legal system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It arises from poverty and alienation due to capitalism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They engage in harmful actions to protect their economic interests. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It fails to explain the role of psychological factors in some crimes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radical democracy and collective ownership (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are the primary drivers of crime for both classes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Legitimacy of the ruling class's interests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The idea that law is the highest authority, controlling society and applying equally to everyone.

The theory that crime is a calculated choice, not a result of social factors.

A criminal who makes a calculated decision to commit a crime, considering potential benefits and penalties.

Deterrence through punishments and making crime less attractive than legitimate jobs.

Crimes like theft and prostitution that offenders commit with calculation about risks versus rewards.

The decision to use drugs based on rational decision, focusing on potential pleasure.

Serial criminals select targets with ease of access and opportunity.

Rational Choice Theory is a key element in understanding how victimization happens based on circumstances and routines.

Theories that explore the combination of biological and psychological factors contributing to criminal behavior.

A person believed to be predisposed to crime due to biological factors, resembling earlier human stages in development, according to Lombroso.

An early criminologist who popularized the concept of the atavistic criminal and their physical traits.

The study of human behavior taking both biological factors and social influences into consideration, viewing them as interconnected, rather than opposed.

Finding and fixing societal issues to prevent crimes, utilizing techniques comparable to a doctor treating an illness.

Methodological approach of trait theories

Biological factors can play a part in criminal behavior.

Modern interpretations of the role of biological factors in crime, often integrating social influences.

Crime rates differ based on underlying social, economic, and environmental factors.

Economic inequality and class stratification in society significantly influence crime.

Individuals from economically disadvantaged groups are more susceptible to criminal behavior.

Crime rates correlate strongly with neighborhood characteristics.

Areas with high population movement, mixed-use spaces, and weak community ties tend to have higher crime rates.

Concentrated poverty in an area creates instability as residents seek better opportunities.

Strong communities with adequate resources, like schools and community centers, can help reduce crime.

The theory of economic inequalities suggests that unequal economic distribution within society contributes to crime rates.

Marxist criminology explains crime by looking at how power and inequality in society influence behavior.

The wealthy often do harmful things not seen as crimes, protecting and increasing their wealth, even if harmful to others (like environmental damage).

Working-class crime is often a response to poverty and the unfairness of capitalism.

Both rich and poor crimes are driven by the economic system, not just individual choices.

Solutions involve radical democracy, shared ownership (e.g., communism), and resource redistribution.

Marxist theory doesn't explain all crime; other factors like mental health and individual motivations also play a part.

The process of accumulating wealth by any means necessary.

Power imbalances that support the ruling classes.

A type of serial killer who derives sexual pleasure from their murders.

A type of serial killer who gains satisfaction from controlling and dominating their victims.

An individual who kills four or more victims at a single location within a short timeframe.

A type of cybercrime involving the theft of information or assets using digital methods.

A type of cybercrime focused on causing damage or disruption to computer systems or networks.

A form of warfare conducted using computer systems or networks.

The use of computer networks or systems to inflict harm or spread fear with the intention of achieving political goals.

They often have a history of violence that starts in childhood.

The trail of data you leave online through your activities, including websites visited, searches, comments, and social media interactions.

Tricking people online to steal their money, personal information, or intellectual property.

Using technology to intentionally harm others online, such as cyberbullying or cyberstalking.

A hidden part of the internet where users can communicate and engage anonymously, often used for illegal activities.

Government-led activities using technology to surveil or harm citizens, often in secret.

Illegal actions aimed at undermining a government, often through intimidation, revolution, or profit.

Illegal interference with elections, such as manipulating votes or voter registration.

Act of spying on another country or organization to gain secret information

Terrorism carried out by a state against its own citizens or other countries.

Using violence to protect the environment or against environmental damage.