Types of Vaccines
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Questions and Answers

Which term refers to the administration of a substance to induce an immune response?

  • Prophylactic vaccine
  • Vaccination (correct)
  • Antigen
  • Immunogen

Which term refers to a substance that induces an immune response?

  • Immunogen (correct)
  • Antigen
  • Prophylactic vaccine
  • Vaccination

Which type of vaccine is given to prevent disease in the individual and/or their offspring and/or the population?

  • ASIT
  • Therapeutic vaccine
  • Prophylactic vaccine (correct)
  • Immunogen

Which type of vaccine is used to treat melanoma in horses?

<p>Therapeutic vaccine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine is developed for controlling wildlife populations?

<p>Immunocontraceptive vaccine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for immunizing with small doses of the allergen if the specific allergen is identified?

<p>ASIT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of a virus from the whole world?

<p>Eradication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of a certain disease in a specific area?

<p>Elimination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of the perfect vaccine?

<p>No such thing as the perfect vaccine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine involves culturing the pathogen and then inactivating it with harsh chemicals and then administering it?

<p>Whole inactivated or killed pathogen vaccine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential drawback of live attenuated vaccines?

<p>They could cause disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine involves expressing different proteins and individual genes in different cell types?

<p>Recombinant protein vaccine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of vaccines enhances immunogenicity?

<p>Adjuvants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine involves directly immunizing genetic material into live animals?

<p>DNA vaccine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of adjuvants in vaccines?

<p>To enhance immunogenicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine involves inserting genes expressing proteins of different viruses into another harmless virus and then administering it to the patient?

<p>Virus vectored vaccine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential drawback of DNA vaccines?

<p>They are difficult to get a strong antibody response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary active component of vaccines?

<p>Adjuvants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine involves encapsulating mRNA in a protective layer of lipids?

<p>mRNA vaccine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the six types of vaccines?

<p>Whole inactivated or killed, Live attenuated, Recombinant protein, Virus vectored, DNA, mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of inactivating the pathogen in a whole inactivated or killed vaccine?

<p>Using harsh chemicals or splitting the pathogen open</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential drawback of live attenuated vaccines?

<p>Potential for reversion to virulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of adjuvants mentioned in the text?

<p>Aluminium salts, oil emulsions, saponins, ISCOMs, Liposomes, microparticles, Nonionic block copolymers, derivatised polysaccharide cytokines, bacterial derivatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of adjuvants in vaccines?

<p>Enhance immunogenicity by forming a depot, secreting cytokines and chemokines, and inducing immune cell recruitment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of encapsulating mRNA in a protective layer of lipids called?

<p>Nanoparticle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common components of vaccines?

<p>Active ingredient, stabilizers, preservatives, trace components, adjuvants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define vaccination and explain its purpose.

<p>Vaccination is the administration of a substance, typically a protein called an antigen, to induce an immune response. Its purpose is to prevent infectious diseases in individuals, their offspring, and the population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of disease eradication?

<p>The goal of disease eradication is to remove the virus from the entire world. Only smallpox and rinderpest have been successfully eradicated so far.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of a certain disease in a specific area?

<p>The term for the removal of a certain disease in a specific area is disease elimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential drawback of DNA vaccines?

<p>One potential drawback of DNA vaccines is the need for a specialized delivery system, such as electroporation, to ensure efficient uptake of the genetic material by cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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