Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the recommended course of action if an animal proves to be free of rabies?
What is the recommended course of action if an animal proves to be free of rabies?
- Continue vaccination as a precaution
- Stop vaccination immediately (correct)
- Administer a booster shot
- Perform a lumbar puncture
What is a potential means of transmission of rabies among family members and healthcare staff?
What is a potential means of transmission of rabies among family members and healthcare staff?
- Airborne transmission
- Contaminated food and water
- Non-bite exposure through saliva (correct)
- Direct contact with the infected animal
What is the common denominator among all vaccines for human use against rabies?
What is the common denominator among all vaccines for human use against rabies?
- They are administered orally
- They contain a weakened form of the virus
- They contain inactivated rabies virus (correct)
- They are effective for life
How long does immunity induced by the current rabies vaccines last?
How long does immunity induced by the current rabies vaccines last?
What is the timeframe for inducing immunity through the current rabies vaccines?
What is the timeframe for inducing immunity through the current rabies vaccines?
What type of vaccine has been used to immunize animals when orally administered?
What type of vaccine has been used to immunize animals when orally administered?
What is the rabies glycoprotein gene carried by in the vaccine?
What is the rabies glycoprotein gene carried by in the vaccine?
How is the vaccine administered to the animals?
How is the vaccine administered to the animals?
What is the purpose of the vaccine?
What is the purpose of the vaccine?
What type of gene is carried by the vaccinia virus in the vaccine?
What type of gene is carried by the vaccinia virus in the vaccine?
What is the administration route of RIG in Post Exposure Prophylaxis?
What is the administration route of RIG in Post Exposure Prophylaxis?
Who is recommended to receive pre-exposure vaccination?
Who is recommended to receive pre-exposure vaccination?
What is the combination of products used in Post Exposure Prophylaxis?
What is the combination of products used in Post Exposure Prophylaxis?
What is the purpose of Pre-exposure vaccination?
What is the purpose of Pre-exposure vaccination?
What is the goal of Control measures in Rabies?
What is the goal of Control measures in Rabies?
Study Notes
Vaccination Against Rabies
- Vaccination should start immediately if the animal is proven to be free of rabies.
Types of Vaccines
- All human-use vaccines contain inactivated rabies virus (fixed).
- Three types of vaccines are currently used:
- Human Diploid Cell Vaccine (HDCV): grown in human fibroblast cell lines, inactivated with β-propiolactone.
- Rabies Vaccine Adsorbed (RVA): grown in rhesus monkey foetal lung cell lines, inactivated with β-propiolactone, and adsorbed on aluminium phosphate.
- Purified Chick Embryo Cell Vaccine (PCEC): grown in chicken fibroblasts, inactivated with β-propiolactone.
Vaccine Characteristics
- The three vaccines induce immunity in 7 days, which lasts for 2 years.
Animal Vaccines
- A recombinant viral vaccine, consisting of vaccinia virus carrying the rabies glycoprotein gene, has successfully immunized animals when orally administered.
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (Passive Active Immunization)
- Rabies Vaccine + Human Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG) are administered.
- RIG is given into the bite site (as much as possible) and the remainder is given intramuscularly (IM).
Control Measures
- Pre-exposure vaccination is recommended for persons at risk, including:
- Veterinarians
- Animal control and wildlife workers
- Rabies laboratory workers
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Description
Understanding the importance of immediate vaccination to prevent the spread of rabies and the different types of vaccines used, including the Human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV).
