Questions and Answers
What characteristic distinguishes long bones from short bones?
How many short bones are found in the human body?
Which type of bone is characterized by having a shape that does not fit into any of the other categories?
What is one example of a sesamoid bone?
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Which of the following bone markings refers to a large, rounded prominence that helps to form a joint with another bone?
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What is the role of bone markings?
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Which of the following best defines a tuberosity?
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In the classification of bones, how many flat bones are identified in the human body?
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Study Notes
Classification of Bones According to Shape
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Long Bones: Longer than width, consisting of two heads and a shaft; primarily compact tissue.
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Found in the appendicular skeleton; there are 90 long bones in the human body.
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Examples include humerus, femur.
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Short Bones: Generally cube-shaped and primarily composed of spongy bone.
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There are 28 short bones, specifically the carpals and tarsals.
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Sesamoid Bones: Specialized short bones formed within tendons.
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Examples include the pisiform (a carpal bone) and the patella.
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Flat Bones: Thin, flattened, and usually curved; consist of two layers of compact bone enclosing spongy diploe.
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Total of 36 flat bones in the body.
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Examples include the sternum, ribs, and cranial bones.
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Irregular Bones: Do not fit into any other categories and have irregular shapes.
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There are 48 irregular bones in the body.
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Examples include vertebrae and some facial bones.
Definition of Bone Markings
- Distinctive features on bones that provide attachment points for muscles, tendons, ligaments, facilitate blood vessel passage, and serve as joint attachments.
Projections
- Condyle: Large, rounded prominence articulating with another bone.
- Epicondyle: Smaller prominence near a condyle.
- Line: Narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than a crest.
- Process: Bony outgrowth or projection.
- Ramus: Arm-like bar of bone.
- Trochanter: Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (only found on the femur).
- Tubercle: Small, rounded bump.
- Tuberosity: Large, roughened bump.
- Crest: Ridge or sharp edge.
- Spine: Slender, pointed projection.
Depressions
- Fissure: Narrow, slit-like opening.
- Foramen: Hole or opening in a bone.
- Fossa: Shallow, dish-shaped depression.
- Fovea: Small, pit-like depression.
- Groove: Furrow.
- Meatus: Passage or canal.
- Notch: Deep indentation.
- Sinus: Cavity within bone, filled with air and lined with mucus.
- Sulcus: Groove or furrow.
Articulations
- Facet: Small, flat surface allowing for articulation.
- Head: Rounded, articular surface.
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Description
Explore the classification of long bones in the human skeletal system. This quiz focuses on identifying long bones and understanding their characteristics and functions. Learn about their importance in the appendicular skeleton and their structure.
