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Questions and Answers
How many named bones are found in the human skeleton?
How many named bones are found in the human skeleton?
What are the two divisions of the skeleton?
What are the two divisions of the skeleton?
Axial skeleton and Appendicular skeleton
The vertebral column is formed from 26 separate bones in adults.
The vertebral column is formed from 26 separate bones in adults.
True
Which of the following is NOT a cranial bone?
Which of the following is NOT a cranial bone?
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What bones make up the cranium?
What bones make up the cranium?
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Which suture occurs where the parietal bones meet the frontal bone?
Which suture occurs where the parietal bones meet the frontal bone?
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The hyoid bone lies inferior to the ______ and superior to the ______.
The hyoid bone lies inferior to the ______ and superior to the ______.
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Name the four paranasal air sinuses.
Name the four paranasal air sinuses.
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How many cranial bones are there?
How many cranial bones are there?
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The skull consists of both cranial and facial bones.
The skull consists of both cranial and facial bones.
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Study Notes
The Skeletal System
- The skeleton consists of bones, cartilage, joints, and ligaments.
- There are 206 named bones in the human body grouped into two divisions: the axial and appendicular skeleton.
Axial Skeleton
- The axial skeleton is composed of 80 bones.
- It lies in the midline of the body and consists of the skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and bony thorax (ribs and sternum).
Skull
- The skull is formed by cranial and facial bones.
- The cranium encloses the brain and consists of eight bones: one frontal, two parietal, two temporal, one occipital, one ethmoid, and one sphenoid.
- Facial bones form the face and consist of 14 bones: two maxillary, two Palatine, two zygomatic, two lacrimal, two nasal, two inferior conchae, one vomer, and one mandible.
Cranial Cavity
- The cranium is divided into the cranial vault and the base.
- There are bony ridges internally that divide the skull into three distinct cranial fossae: anterior, middle, and posterior.
Skull Summary
- The skull contains smaller cavities for the middle and inner ear (located in lateral aspect of cranial base), nasal cavity (posterior to the nose), orbits (house the eyeballs), and paranasal air sinuses (located around the nasal cavity).
- The skull has approximately 85 named openings called foramina, canals, and fissures which provide openings for: the spinal cord, blood vessels serving the brain, and 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
Cranial Bone Sutures
- The three main sutures of the cranium are: coronal suture, sagittal suture, and lambdoid suture.
Paranasal Air Sinuses
- There are four paranasal air sinuses of the skull: frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, and maxillary.
Neonatal Skull
- The cranial bones are incompletely fused in infants, leaving soft spots called fontanelles.
The Hyoid Bone
- The hyoid bone is located inferior to the mandible and superior to the larynx.
- It has no direct articulation with any other bone and serves as a movable base for the tongue and a point of attachment for muscles used in swallowing.
The Vertebral Column
- The vertebral column is formed from 26 separate bones in the adult body.
- It transmits the weight of the trunk to the lower limbs, surrounds and protects the spinal cord, and serves as attachment sites for muscles of the neck and back.
- The vertebral column is held in place by ligaments (anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, ligamentum flavum), synovial joints, and intervertebral discs.
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Description
Explore the intricate details of the skeletal system, including the major divisions of the skeleton and the bones that comprise both the axial and appendicular systems. This quiz covers key concepts about the skull, including its structure, the cranial cavity, and the bones involved. Test your knowledge on the essential components that support the human body.
