The Respiratory System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  • To filter the air we breathe
  • To remove carbon dioxide from the body
  • To circulate oxygen to the body
  • To provide energy to the body through respiration (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the nasal cavity?

  • To warm and moisten the air we breathe
  • To filter out dust particles and bacteria from the air (correct)
  • To expand the lungs
  • To provide oxygen to the body

    • What is the trachea?

  • A tube that divides into bronchi
  • A muscle that helps expand the lungs
  • A cluster of air sacs called alveoli
  • A thick tube reinforced by rings of cartilage (correct)

    • What is the function of the bronchioles?

    <p>To divide into smaller tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the alveoli?

    <p>To provide a large surface area for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the diaphragm contracts during inhalation?

    <p>The lungs expand and air is inhaled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during gas exchange at the alveoli?

    <p>Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the capillaries surrounding the alveoli?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Respiratory System Overview

    • The body needs oxygen to produce energy through respiration, and expels carbon dioxide as a byproduct.
    • The respiratory system is responsible for breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide.

    Nasal Cavity

    • Most air is inhaled through the nose, with some entering through the mouth.
    • The nasal cavity warms, moistens, and cleans the air.
    • Large dust particles are trapped by nostril hairs, while finer particles and bacteria are caught by sticky mucus and cilia, which can be swallowed.

    Trachea

    • The trachea is a thick tube that air passes through.
    • It is reinforced by rings of cartilage that prevent it from collapsing.

    Bronchi and Bronchioles

    • The trachea divides into two bronchi, which then divide into smaller tubes called bronchioles.
    • Bronchioles are located inside the lungs.

    Alveoli

    • Bronchioles end in clusters of air sacs called alveoli.
    • There are approximately 600 million microscopic alveoli in the lungs.
    • Alveoli provide a large surface area for gas exchange between the lungs and bloodstream.

    Breathing In (Inhale)

    • Intercostal muscles contract, lifting the ribs upwards and outwards.
    • The diaphragm contracts, moving downwards.
    • The lungs expand and fill with air, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream through diffusion.

    Breathing Out (Exhale)

    • Intercostal muscles relax, moving the ribs down and inwards.
    • The diaphragm relaxes, moving upwards.
    • The lungs contract, forcing the air out, and carbon dioxide enters the lungs through diffusion.

    Gas Exchange

    • The walls of alveoli are one cell thick and surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries.
    • Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the capillaries through diffusion.
    • Oxygen is carried throughout the body by red blood cells in the bloodstream.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of the respiratory system, including its functions, breathing process, and components like the nasal cavity.

    SCIENCE-2024

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