CH 9 SUM: Optical phenomena and properties of matter

<p>The minimum energy needed to remove an electron from the metal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$W_0 = hf_0$, where $h$ is Planck's constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It supported Einstein's hypothesis that light consists of quanta of energy (photons)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$E = hf$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$E_k(max) = hf - W_0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the number of photoelectrons ejected but does not affect their maximum kinetic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons but does not impact the number of electrons ejected if the intensity remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle properties of light, while wave theories like diffraction and interference explain light's wave properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The visible spectrum has the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When atoms are excited, electrons jump to higher energy levels, and as they return to lower levels, they emit photons of specific energies, forming an atomic emission spectrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An atomic absorption spectrum occurs when atoms absorb specific frequencies of incoming light, elevating electrons to higher energy states, leaving dark lines in a continuous spectrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A continuous spectrum shows all colors or wavelengths without interruption, while an atomic emission spectrum is characterized by distinct colored lines against a dark background.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The photoelectric effect is used in devices like solar panels, where light is used to generate electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A spectrum with specific frequencies emitted as bright lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A continuous spectrum with specific frequencies missing as dark lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determining the composition and motion of celestial objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By analyzing the absorption spectra of greenhouse gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their composition, temperature, density, and motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is crucial for analyzing atmospheric gases and their effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic absorption spectra show dark lines where specific frequencies are missing, while atomic emission spectra show bright lines where frequencies are present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They offer insights into the chemical composition and physical conditions of stars and galaxies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To analyze greenhouse gases' absorption of infrared radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Studying the composition, temperature, density, and motion of celestial objects through their light spectra.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By providing a unique 'fingerprint' for each element through spectral lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To apply this knowledge to real-world scenarios like environmental science and astronomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It quantizes the energy of incoming photons, allowing for the ejection of electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The frequency of the incident light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the minimum frequency required for electron emission to occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The excitation of electrons to different energy levels within the atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The absorption of specific wavelengths by the atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The wavelengths observed in the emission spectrum correspond to the dark lines in the absorption spectrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It displays a range of wavelengths without interruption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generating electricity through solar panels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference in the electronic configurations of different elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The emission of specific wavelengths by the atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It demonstrates that light can exhibit both particle and wave properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$W_0 = h f_0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The kinetic energy of the ejected electrons increases as the intensity of the incident light increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It showed that light can exhibit both particle and wave properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$f_0 = W_0 / h$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It occurs only when the frequency of the incident light exceeds the threshold frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a metal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No electrons are ejected regardless of intensity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$W_0 = hf_0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wave-particle duality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantum mechanics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maximum kinetic energy of ejected electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They assist in identifying elements by their unique spectral fingerprints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By matching emission and absorption lines to known elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand how gases absorb specific wavelengths of radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help determine the chemical composition and physical conditions of objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By understanding how atmospheric gases contribute to global warming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exploring transitions between energy levels in atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$E = hf$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$E_k(max) = hf - W_0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons but does not impact the number of electrons ejected if the intensity remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unique electronic structure of each element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solar panels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The different energies of the emitted photons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A continuous spectrum shows a complete range of colors, while an atomic emission spectrum shows distinct colored lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The frequency of the incident light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The atoms in the substance absorb specific frequencies of the incoming light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The photoelectric effect demonstrates both the wave and particle properties of light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying elements in substances or celestial bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By revealing the chemical composition of stars and galaxies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modeling the greenhouse effect and global warming caused by specific gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Composition, temperature, density, and motion of celestial objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding the effects of atmospheric gases on global warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For their unique ability to reveal chemical composition through distinct lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No electrons are ejected from the metal surface, regardless of the light intensity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$f_0 = \frac{W_0}{h}$, where $h$ is Planck's constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It demonstrated that light can behave as particles (photons) as well as waves, leading to the development of quantum mechanics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$1.01 \times 10^{15} \text{ Hz}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing the intensity of light causes more electrons to be ejected, but their maximum kinetic energy remains unchanged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Einstein's hypothesis that light consists of quanta of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$E_k(\mathrm{max}) = hf - W_0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the number of ejected electrons, but does not affect their maximum kinetic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$f_0 = W_0 / h$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light exhibits both wave and particle properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unique electronic structure of each element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The frequency of the incident light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms emit photons of specific energies as electrons transition from higher to lower energy levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms absorb specific frequencies of incoming light, leaving dark lines in a continuous spectrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A continuous spectrum shows all colors or wavelengths without interruption, while an atomic emission spectrum shows distinct colored lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It determines the energy of the incident photons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The continuous spectrum of the light source is interrupted by the missing frequencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They match the observed emission lines in the spectrum to known elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy levels of electrons in different atoms are unique.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The frequency of the incident light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorption spectra reveal the composition of the Earth's atmospheric gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The emission spectrum and absorption spectrum are mirror images of each other, with the same set of frequencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light consists of packets of energy known as photons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is unrelated to the ejection of electrons from the metal surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It quantizes the energy of photons and electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has no impact on ejecting electrons from the metal surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Corresponds to the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a metal surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intensity has no effect on whether electrons are ejected or not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$Ek(max) = hf - W0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has no effect on either maximum kinetic energy or number of electrons ejected</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rayleigh Scattering</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorption spectra show missing segments, emission spectra show continuous lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing frequency increases kinetic energy but does not impact number of ejected electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To detect the presence of specific elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emission lines relate to higher energy transitions, absorption lines to lower energy transitions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorption of specific frequencies by atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dual Nature</p> Signup and view all the answers